Effect of Low Protein Diet on Meat Quality and Myogenic Regulatory Factor Gene Expression of Xiangdong Black Goats

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192650

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low protein diet on meat quality,amino acid and fatty acid composition of skeletal muscle and blood,and mRNA expression of myogenic regulatary factor genes of black goat.A total of 24 female Xiangdong black goats were randomly divided into control group(CON,10.77% CP,n=12)and low protein group(LP,5.52% CP,n=12).The pre and post-trial lasted for 25 d and 45 d,respectively.The results were as follows:Low protein diet increased L^* 24 h of meat color,but had no difference on pH value and water loss rate.The percentage of type Ⅰ muscle fiber and type Ⅱ muscle fiber had no difference between two groups,only the average fiber cross sectional areas of semitendinosus had a tendency to reduce.Valine,leucine,lysine,phenylalanine,glutamate and total essential amino acids of vastus lateralis significantly reduced,isoleucine,methionine,aspartate,arginine and total amino acid tended to decrease.Glutamate of semitendinosus in the LP group significantly reduced,threonine and serine tended to decrease.Compared with the control group,C20:2 and C22:1n9 of semitendinosus in the LP group significantly decreased.Total PUFA,C18:1n9c,and C20:4n6 of vastus lateralis in the LP group significantly decreased;C18:1n9c of longissimus dorsi in the LP group significantly decreased.Compared with the control group,the mRNA expression of MYOD in semitendinosus were significantly down-regulated in the CON group.In conclusion,low protein diet didn't affect type conversion and cross sectional area of muscle fiber.Dietary protein deficiency reduced the deposition of amino acid in muscle,while reduced the deposition of polyunsaturated fatty acids in muscle,which affected on muscle flavor of goat.

Key words: Xiangdong black goat, Low protein, Meat quality, Amino acids, Fatty acids

CHEN Wenxun, ZHOU Ting, YAN Qiongxian, TIAN Lina, CAO Manhu, TAN Zhiliang, ZOU Aihua. Effect of Low Protein Diet on Meat Quality and Myogenic Regulatory Factor Gene Expression of Xiangdong Black Goats[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(1): 202-210. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192650.

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References 40

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项目 Items	对照组 Control	低蛋白组 Low protein
稻草/% Rice straw	70.00	70.00
玉米/% Corn	8.20	23.00
大豆/% Soybean meal	15.00	0.00
脂肪粉/% Fat powder	1.00	1.00
食盐/% NaCl	0.50	0.50
麦麸/% Wheatbran	2.90	2.90
碳酸钙/% CaCO₃	0.10	0.10
磷酸氢钙/% CaHPO₄	0.30	0.50
预混料 Premix	2.00	2.00
营养成分 Nutrient content
干物质/% DM	96.17	95.86
粗灰分/% ASH	12.71	12.31
粗蛋白/% CP	10.77	5.52
中性洗涤纤维/% NDF	49.77	50.93
酸性洗涤纤维/% ADF	28.42	28.94
淀粉/% Starch	12.72	23.87
能量/(MJ/kg) Energy	16.76	16.84

项目 Items	对照组 Control	低蛋白组 Low protein
稻草/% Rice straw	70.00	70.00
玉米/% Corn	8.20	23.00
大豆/% Soybean meal	15.00	0.00
脂肪粉/% Fat powder	1.00	1.00
食盐/% NaCl	0.50	0.50
麦麸/% Wheatbran	2.90	2.90
碳酸钙/% CaCO₃	0.10	0.10
磷酸氢钙/% CaHPO₄	0.30	0.50
预混料 Premix	2.00	2.00
营养成分 Nutrient content
干物质/% DM	96.17	95.86
粗灰分/% ASH	12.71	12.31
粗蛋白/% CP	10.77	5.52
中性洗涤纤维/% NDF	49.77	50.93
酸性洗涤纤维/% ADF	28.42	28.94
淀粉/% Starch	12.72	23.87
能量/(MJ/kg) Energy	16.76	16.84

基因 Gene	基因库 GenBank	引物序列(5'—3') Primer sequence (5' —3')	产物大小/bp Produce size
ACTB	NM_173979	F:CCCAGATCATGTTCGAGACC	95
		R:GAGGCATACAGGGACAGCAC
MYOZ1	XM_005699215.3	F:GGACAGCAATGCCTTATGGT	101
		R:AACTAAGGGTTCGCTCAGCA
MYF5	NM_001287037.1	F:AGACGCCTGAAGAAGGTCAA	150
		R:CTCCACCTGTTCCCTTAGCA
MYF6	NM_001285602.1	F:CAAGTCAGAGGCCAAGGAAG	103
		R:TTCTAAGGGCTGCAGGGTAA
MYOD	XM_018058990.1	F:TGCAAACGCAAGACGACTAA	126
		R:CTGGTTTGGGTTGCTAGACG
MYL	NM 001145183	F:GAAGACCTGCGGGACACT	159
		R:GATCACATCCTCAGGGTCAG
SIX	XM_013967225.2	F:CCACTCATGTCCAGCTCAGA	137
		R:GACTGCGAGGCTGTTAAACC

基因 Gene	基因库 GenBank	引物序列(5'—3') Primer sequence (5' —3')	产物大小/bp Produce size
ACTB	NM_173979	F:CCCAGATCATGTTCGAGACC	95
		R:GAGGCATACAGGGACAGCAC
MYOZ1	XM_005699215.3	F:GGACAGCAATGCCTTATGGT	101
		R:AACTAAGGGTTCGCTCAGCA
MYF5	NM_001287037.1	F:AGACGCCTGAAGAAGGTCAA	150
		R:CTCCACCTGTTCCCTTAGCA
MYF6	NM_001285602.1	F:CAAGTCAGAGGCCAAGGAAG	103
		R:TTCTAAGGGCTGCAGGGTAA
MYOD	XM_018058990.1	F:TGCAAACGCAAGACGACTAA	126
		R:CTGGTTTGGGTTGCTAGACG
MYL	NM 001145183	F:GAAGACCTGCGGGACACT	159
		R:GATCACATCCTCAGGGTCAG
SIX	XM_013967225.2	F:CCACTCATGTCCAGCTCAGA	137
		R:GACTGCGAGGCTGTTAAACC

项目 Items	对照组 Control	低蛋白组 Low protein	标准误 SEM	P值 P-value
初始体质量/kg Initial body weight¹⁾	19.50	20.48	0.58	0.823
终末体质量/kg Final body weight¹⁾	19.80	19.96	0.50	0.277
平均日增质量/(g/d) Average daily gain¹⁾	7.00	-9.00	2.02	0.122
饲料转化率/% Feed conversion rate¹⁾	0.01	-0.01	0.03	0.090
胴体质量/kg Carcass weight¹⁾	6.51	6.50	0.98	0.970
屠宰率/% Dressing percentage¹⁾	32.78	31.97	2.00	0.360
眼肌面积/cm² Eye muscle area	5.11	4.84	0.40	0.749
失水率/% Drip loss	3.41	4.65	0.39	0.425
pH_45min	7.01	7.07	0.06	0.565
pH_24h	5.66	5.73	0.04	0.312
45 min眼肌色度 Eye flesh color at 45 min
L^*2)	42.66	44.28	1.08	0.650
a^*2)	20.48	20.91	0.53	0.357
b^*2)	10.12	9.83	4.92	0.970
24 h眼肌色度 Eye flesh color at 24 h
L^*2)	41.58	42.49	0.76	0.032
a^*2)	23.08	25.22	0.61	0.560
b^*2)	5.17	4.62	0.32	0.454

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