Analysis of Plant Architecture and Yield Traits of Recombination Inbred Lines in Foxtail Millet

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194036

Abstract

Abstract:

Ideal plant architecture can significantly improve crop yield,but the relationship between plant architecture traits and yield traits is still unclear in foxtail millet.To provide a theoretical basis and germplasm resource for plant architecture breeding in foxtail millet,10 plant architectures traits(plant height,main stem length,panicle length,panicle neck length,panicle diameter,tiller number,node number,length of flag leaf,width of flag leaf and area of flag leaf)and 3 yield traits(panicle weight,panicle grain weight and 1000-grain weight)were analyzed via 126 F₆ recombinant inbred lines(RIL)from a F₁arrived from a cross between Aininghuang and Jingu 21 under three ecological environment consisting of Changzhi,Yuci and Datong.Based on the best linear unbiased estimation(BLUE),variance analysis,correlation analysis,partial correlation analysis,principal component analysis,multiple regression analysis and cluster analysis were conducted.The phenotype variation analysis showed there were an extremely significant difference between plant height and main stem length in three ecological environments,a significantly or extremely significant difference between panicle neck length and node number in two ecological environments,and the significant or extremely significant differences among panicle length,panicle diameter,panicle weight,panicle grain weight and tiller number in single ecological environment.In RIL population, an abundant variation was observed for 13 traits with the approximately normal frequency distribution,and the variation coefficients ranged from 6.86% to 31.71%.Except for the main stem length in Yuci, other traits showed a transgressive separation in three ecological environments.Correlation analysis and partial correlation analysis indicated that panicle weight and panicle grain weight were extremely significant positive correlated with plant height,main stem length,panicle length,panicle neck length and node number,while they were extremely significant negative correlated with tiller number,panicle weight was significantly positive correlated with flag leaf length.Principal component analysis simplified 13 traits into 4 principal components,and the cumulative contribution rate was up to 93.938%.The fitting degree R² of multiple regression analysis was 0.614, and main stem length,panicle length and tiller number were the main factors affecting panicle weight.The RIL population was divided into 7 groups via cluster analysis,among which Group Ⅴ consisted of 3 materials with the highest yield, medium plant height and good comprehensive traits,which could be used as elite parents for ideal plant architecture breeding.

Key words: Foxtail millet, Recombination inbred line, Plant architecture, Yield traits, Correlation analysis, Principal component analysis, Cluster analysis

HE Miaoling, WANG Zhilan, DU Xiaofen, HAN Kangni, LIAN Shichao, LI Yuxin, CHENG Kai, LI Yanfang, WANG Jun. Analysis of Plant Architecture and Yield Traits of Recombination Inbred Lines in Foxtail Millet[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(4): 91-100. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194036.

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References 41

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性状 Trait	环境 Environment	亲本 Parent			重组自交系群体 RIL
性状 Trait	环境 Environment	矮宁黄 Aininghuang	晋谷21 Jingu 21	F值	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	均值 Mean	标准差 s	变异系数/% CV	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis
株高/cm	E1	157.87	194.43	12.55^*	195.95	112.28	156.62	20.59	13.15	-0.51	-0.62
Plant height	E2	108.79	179.63	4.55^**	179.77	114.81	148.13	15.09	10.19	-0.06	-0.63
	E3	99.15	180.81	0.29^**	194.36	108.59	154.11	17.97	11.66	-0.61	-0.05
主茎长度/cm	E1	138.78	174.32	14.74^**	175.51	92.20	136.46	19.88	14.57	-0.55	-0.51
Main stem length	E2	85.62	156.20	4.62^**	153.50	89.80	123.93	15.01	12.11	-0.13	-0.53
	E3	83.66	159.49	13.21^**	171.60	89.60	133.43	17.25	12.92	-0.63	0.11
穗长/cm	E1	19.08	20.10	4.00	25.47	14.55	20.16	2.15	10.67	-0.25	0.06
Panicle length	E2	23.17	23.44	0.20	30.38	19.62	24.20	1.94	8.01	0.02	0.07
	E3	15.49	21.32	0.01^*	25.53	16.24	20.85	2.13	10.22	-0.03	-0.59
穗下节长/cm	E1	23.86	30.10	0.13^*	36.63	17.59	24.16	3.82	15.79	0.59	0.44
Panicle neck length	E2	24.34	28.62	1.27	36.32	16.46	27.16	3.23	11.88	-0.16	1.17
	E3	11.79	27.49	1.06^**	31.95	15.60	22.68	3.40	15.00	-0.03	-0.32
穗粗/cm	E1	2.78	3.49	0.97^*	4.97	2.28	3.10	0.37	11.99	1.39	5.34
Panicle diameter	E2	3.43	12.85	3.84	4.70	2.53	3.46	0.37	10.75	0.35	0.55
	E3	2.05	3.59	0.59	4.13	2.47	3.19	0.33	10.19	0.10	-0.11
分蘖数	E1	2.78	1.00	16.00^**	3.30	1.00	1.97	0.56	28.52	0.22	-0.63
Tiller number	E2	1.82	1.20	0.03	2.60	1.00	1.31	0.34	25.86	1.50	2.39
	E3	3.13	1.10	4.99	3.10	1.00	1.87	0.56	29.89	0.48	-0.71
节数	E1	13.09	14.29	8.99^*	16.30	10.70	12.79	1.01	7.89	0.49	0.66
Node number	E2	10.47	12.71	3.17^*	13.60	7.40	11.08	0.97	8.75	-0.37	1.13
	E3	12.80	14.30	0.54	16.10	11.80	13.68	0.94	6.86	0.13	-0.34
穗质量/g	E1	20.95	34.92	1.36^*	34.02	10.55	22.12	5.70	25.76	-0.25	-0.73
Panicle weight	E2	21.75	26.34	4.69	32.23	15.89	24.18	3.29	13.60	-0.10	0.32
	E3	10.08	27.10	—	30.81	7.05	17.96	5.02	27.96	0.19	-0.23
穗粒质量/g	E1	16.18	26.68	34.66^*	27.16	6.76	17.27	4.89	28.31	-0.23	-0.68
Panicle grain weight	E2	17.80	21.92	6.27	27.92	11.50	19.74	3.13	15.87	-0.07	0.26
	E3	7.71	22.88	—	26.81	4.93	14.26	4.52	31.71	0.27	-0.19
千粒质量/g	E1	2.89	3.48	—	3.61	2.33	2.88	0.22	7.51	0.38	0.70
1000-grain weight	E2	2.51	3.22	—	3.25	2.12	2.70	0.20	7.52	-0.13	-0.01
	E3	2.47	2.97	—	3.26	1.98	2.68	0.25	9.17	-0.30	-0.03
旗叶长/mm	E1	171.24	170.66	1.05	208.38	117.81	155.46	18.00	11.58	0.64	0.67
Length of flag leaf	E2	190.15	183.84	0.40	229.90	147.38	190.23	18.25	9.59	-0.08	-0.46
	E3	171.63	182.78	2.83	257.34	117.59	204.28	25.94	12.70	-0.20	0.54
旗叶宽/mm	E1	33.01	37.54	0.07	42.51	28.70	35.77	2.66	7.47	0.20	0.03
Width of flag leaf	E2	50.96	39.03	10.60	50.81	32.18	38.40	3.13	8.15	0.90	2.52
	E3	33.27	38.76	3.26	72.65	30.00	43.07	12.33	28.63	1.15	-0.22
叶面积/mm²	E1	4 210.27	4 896.50	0.19	5 751.19	3 012.51	4 150.66	563.72	13.58	0.18	-0.29
Area of flag leaf	E2	5 278.22	5 295.19	1.17	6 733.99	3 562.12	5 281.20	653.68	12.38	-0.13	-0.41
	E3	4 314.50	5 470.93	8.83	8 914.47	3 138.68	5 424.98	1 009.13	18.60	0.45	0.53

性状 Trait	环境 Environment	亲本 Parent			重组自交系群体 RIL
性状 Trait	环境 Environment	矮宁黄 Aininghuang	晋谷21 Jingu 21	F值	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	均值 Mean	标准差 s	变异系数/% CV	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis
株高/cm	E1	157.87	194.43	12.55^*	195.95	112.28	156.62	20.59	13.15	-0.51	-0.62
Plant height	E2	108.79	179.63	4.55^**	179.77	114.81	148.13	15.09	10.19	-0.06	-0.63
	E3	99.15	180.81	0.29^**	194.36	108.59	154.11	17.97	11.66	-0.61	-0.05
主茎长度/cm	E1	138.78	174.32	14.74^**	175.51	92.20	136.46	19.88	14.57	-0.55	-0.51
Main stem length	E2	85.62	156.20	4.62^**	153.50	89.80	123.93	15.01	12.11	-0.13	-0.53
	E3	83.66	159.49	13.21^**	171.60	89.60	133.43	17.25	12.92	-0.63	0.11
穗长/cm	E1	19.08	20.10	4.00	25.47	14.55	20.16	2.15	10.67	-0.25	0.06
Panicle length	E2	23.17	23.44	0.20	30.38	19.62	24.20	1.94	8.01	0.02	0.07
	E3	15.49	21.32	0.01^*	25.53	16.24	20.85	2.13	10.22	-0.03	-0.59
穗下节长/cm	E1	23.86	30.10	0.13^*	36.63	17.59	24.16	3.82	15.79	0.59	0.44
Panicle neck length	E2	24.34	28.62	1.27	36.32	16.46	27.16	3.23	11.88	-0.16	1.17
	E3	11.79	27.49	1.06^**	31.95	15.60	22.68	3.40	15.00	-0.03	-0.32
穗粗/cm	E1	2.78	3.49	0.97^*	4.97	2.28	3.10	0.37	11.99	1.39	5.34
Panicle diameter	E2	3.43	12.85	3.84	4.70	2.53	3.46	0.37	10.75	0.35	0.55
	E3	2.05	3.59	0.59	4.13	2.47	3.19	0.33	10.19	0.10	-0.11
分蘖数	E1	2.78	1.00	16.00^**	3.30	1.00	1.97	0.56	28.52	0.22	-0.63
Tiller number	E2	1.82	1.20	0.03	2.60	1.00	1.31	0.34	25.86	1.50	2.39
	E3	3.13	1.10	4.99	3.10	1.00	1.87	0.56	29.89	0.48	-0.71
节数	E1	13.09	14.29	8.99^*	16.30	10.70	12.79	1.01	7.89	0.49	0.66
Node number	E2	10.47	12.71	3.17^*	13.60	7.40	11.08	0.97	8.75	-0.37	1.13
	E3	12.80	14.30	0.54	16.10	11.80	13.68	0.94	6.86	0.13	-0.34
穗质量/g	E1	20.95	34.92	1.36^*	34.02	10.55	22.12	5.70	25.76	-0.25	-0.73
Panicle weight	E2	21.75	26.34	4.69	32.23	15.89	24.18	3.29	13.60	-0.10	0.32
	E3	10.08	27.10	—	30.81	7.05	17.96	5.02	27.96	0.19	-0.23
穗粒质量/g	E1	16.18	26.68	34.66^*	27.16	6.76	17.27	4.89	28.31	-0.23	-0.68
Panicle grain weight	E2	17.80	21.92	6.27	27.92	11.50	19.74	3.13	15.87	-0.07	0.26
	E3	7.71	22.88	—	26.81	4.93	14.26	4.52	31.71	0.27	-0.19
千粒质量/g	E1	2.89	3.48	—	3.61	2.33	2.88	0.22	7.51	0.38	0.70
1000-grain weight	E2	2.51	3.22	—	3.25	2.12	2.70	0.20	7.52	-0.13	-0.01
	E3	2.47	2.97	—	3.26	1.98	2.68	0.25	9.17	-0.30	-0.03
旗叶长/mm	E1	171.24	170.66	1.05	208.38	117.81	155.46	18.00	11.58	0.64	0.67
Length of flag leaf	E2	190.15	183.84	0.40	229.90	147.38	190.23	18.25	9.59	-0.08	-0.46
	E3	171.63	182.78	2.83	257.34	117.59	204.28	25.94	12.70	-0.20	0.54
旗叶宽/mm	E1	33.01	37.54	0.07	42.51	28.70	35.77	2.66	7.47	0.20	0.03
Width of flag leaf	E2	50.96	39.03	10.60	50.81	32.18	38.40	3.13	8.15	0.90	2.52
	E3	33.27	38.76	3.26	72.65	30.00	43.07	12.33	28.63	1.15	-0.22
叶面积/mm²	E1	4 210.27	4 896.50	0.19	5 751.19	3 012.51	4 150.66	563.72	13.58	0.18	-0.29
Area of flag leaf	E2	5 278.22	5 295.19	1.17	6 733.99	3 562.12	5 281.20	653.68	12.38	-0.13	-0.41
	E3	4 314.50	5 470.93	8.83	8 914.47	3 138.68	5 424.98	1 009.13	18.60	0.45	0.53

性状 Traits	株高 Plant height	主茎长度 Main stem length	穗长 Panicle length	穗下节长 Panicle neck length	穗粗 Panicle diameter	分蘖数 Tiller number	节数 Node number	穗质量 Panicle weight	穗粒质量 Panicle grain weight	千粒质量 1000- grain weight	旗叶长 Length of flag leaf	旗叶宽 Width of flag leaf
主茎长度Main stem length	0.995^**
穗长Panicle length	0.302^**	0.202^*
穗下节长Panicle neck length	0.539^**	0.541^**	0.120
穗粗Panicle diameter	0.508^**	0.479^**	0.391^**	0.094
分蘖数Tiller number	-0.608^**	-0.602^**	-0.211^*	-0.275^**	-0.429^**
节数Node number	0.643^**	0.644^**	0.161	-0.076	0.465^**	-0.442^**
穗质量Panicle weight	0.704^**	0.684^**	0.361^**	0.269^**	0.522^**	-0.669^**	0.518^**
穗粒质量Panicle grain weight	0.678^**	0.663^**	0.309^**	0.287^**	0.489^**	-0.643^**	0.472^**	0.986^**
千粒质量1000-grain weight	0.023	0.019	0.047	0.085	0.049	-0.020	-0.089	0.079	0.108
旗叶长Length of flag leaf	0.194^*	0.161	0.358^**	0.057	0.208^*	-0.102	0.090	0.183^*	0.150	-0.152
旗叶宽Width of flag leaf	-0.094	-0.103	0.057	0.040	0.103	0.039	-0.122	0.070	0.085	0.123	0.158
叶面积Area of flag leaf	0.096	0.052	0.432^**	-0.044	0.253^**	0.007	0.120	0.167	0.121	-0.118	0.811^**	0.267^**

性状 Traits	株高 Plant height	主茎长度 Main stem length	穗长 Panicle length	穗下节长 Panicle neck length	穗粗 Panicle diameter	分蘖数 Tiller number	节数 Node number	穗质量 Panicle weight	穗粒质量 Panicle grain weight	千粒质量 1000- grain weight	旗叶长 Length of flag leaf	旗叶宽 Width of flag leaf
主茎长度Main stem length	0.995^**
穗长Panicle length	0.302^**	0.202^*
穗下节长Panicle neck length	0.539^**	0.541^**	0.120
穗粗Panicle diameter	0.508^**	0.479^**	0.391^**	0.094
分蘖数Tiller number	-0.608^**	-0.602^**	-0.211^*	-0.275^**	-0.429^**
节数Node number	0.643^**	0.644^**	0.161	-0.076	0.465^**	-0.442^**
穗质量Panicle weight	0.704^**	0.684^**	0.361^**	0.269^**	0.522^**	-0.669^**	0.518^**
穗粒质量Panicle grain weight	0.678^**	0.663^**	0.309^**	0.287^**	0.489^**	-0.643^**	0.472^**	0.986^**
千粒质量1000-grain weight	0.023	0.019	0.047	0.085	0.049	-0.020	-0.089	0.079	0.108
旗叶长Length of flag leaf	0.194^*	0.161	0.358^**	0.057	0.208^*	-0.102	0.090	0.183^*	0.150	-0.152
旗叶宽Width of flag leaf	-0.094	-0.103	0.057	0.040	0.103	0.039	-0.122	0.070	0.085	0.123	0.158
叶面积Area of flag leaf	0.096	0.052	0.432^**	-0.044	0.253^**	0.007	0.120	0.167	0.121	-0.118	0.811^**	0.267^**

性状 Traits	株高 Plant height	主茎长度 Main stem length	穗长 Panicle length	穗下节长 Panicle neck length	穗粗 Panicle diameter	分蘖数 Tiller number	节数 Node number	穗质量 Panicle weight	穗粒质量 Panicle grain weight	千粒质量 1000-grain weight	旗叶长 Length of flag leaf	旗叶宽 Width of flag leaf
主茎长度Main stem length	0.995^**
穗长Panicle length	0.315^**	0.215^*
穗下节长Panicle neck length	0.539^**	0.541^**	0.123
穗粗Panicle diameter	0.503^**	0.474^**	0.407^**	0.092
分蘖数Tiller number	-0.611^**	-0.606^**	-0.212^*	-0.275^**	-0.431^**
节数Node number	0.640^**	0.640^**	0.172	-0.079	0.460^**	-0.444^**
穗质量Panicle weight	0.707^**	0.688^**	0.362^**	0.270^**	0.525^**	-0.669^**	0.520^**
穗粒质量Panicle grain weight	0.683^**	0.669^**	0.309^**	0.287^**	0.494^**	-0.643^**	0.476^**	0.986^**
千粒质量1000-grain weight	0.025	0.021	0.045	0.085	0.051	-0.020	-0.088	0.079	0.108
旗叶长Length of flag leaf	0.196^*	0.163	0.359^**	0.057	0.210^*	-0.102	0.091	0.183^*	0.150	-0.152
旗叶宽Width of flag leaf	-0.124	-0.138	0.090	0.035	0.078	0.040	-0.152	0.073	0.093	0.133	0.166
叶面积Area of flag leaf	0.104	0.061	0.427^**	-0.042	0.264^**	0.007	0.128	0.168	0.120	-0.119	0.813^**	0.301^**

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