Effect of Drought Stress on Physiology and Corresponding Gene Expression in the Germination Seeds of Different Rice Germplasm

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20193896

Abstract

Abstract:

To reveal the mechanism of drought resistance of different resistant rice during germination period,Rice drought-sensitive materials(Calrose,Jingning 10,Shanxing 86)and drought resistance materials(Farry,Songjing 3,Ningjing 36)were studied on the effects of simulated drought stress(15% PEG-6000)on the growth index,physiological indexes and corresponding gene expression of different rice seeds.The results showed that under normal conditions,there were no significant differences in the expression levels of growth indicators and stress-related genes between drought-sensitive and drought-resistant cultivars.However,changes in physiological indicators were shown that there were no significant differences in the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD),the contents of soluble sugar(SS) and hydrogen peroxide(H₂O₂) among different genotypes.The contents of malondialdehyde(MDA) and superoxide anion($\mathrm{O}_{2}^{\bar{.}}$) in the drought-sensitive cultivar Shanxing 86 were significantly higher than those in other materials,and the contents of catalase(CAT),proline(Pro) and soluble protein(SP) of drought resistant Ningjing 36 were significantly higher than those of other materials as well.Under drought stress,the relative germination potential(RGP),relative bud length(RSL),germination drought resistance index(GDRI)and vitality index(VI)of germinating seeds increased by 0.03—0.07 percentage,0.32—0.39 percentage,0.12—0.18 percentage and 92.41%—108.39%,respectively;MDA and reactive oxygen species($\mathrm{O}_{2}^{\bar{.}}$,H₂O₂) contents in germinating seeds of drought-resistant cultivars decreased by 2.54%—61.64%,19.60%—46.30% and 35.61%—62.02% respectively compared with drought-sensitive cultivars.The contents of osmotic regulating substances(Pro,SS,SP) increased by 5.93%—18.29%,1.08%—7.97% and 3.47%—6.03% respectively.The activities of antioxidant enzymes(SOD,POD, CAT) were increased by 17.29%—33.12%,15.24%—76.06% and 14.68%—18.61% respectively.The relative expression levels of OsP5CS,antioxidant enzyme synthesis genes (OsALM1, OsPOX1, OsCATC) were up-regulated by 2.66%—182.31% and 57.14%—513.27%,0.38%—109.06% and 63.39%—184.25% respectively.Comprehensive analysis showed that drought stress inhibited the germination of rice seeds and affected the physiological characteristics of seeds and the expression of corresponding genes during germination.Under drought stress,vigor index(VI),peroxidase(POD)and peroxidase synthesis gene(OsPOX1)are the key indicators affecting rice seed germination,whether it is drought-resistant or drought-sensitive materials.In addition to the above indicators,soluble protein(SP),proline synthesis gene(OsP5CS)and catalase gene(OsCATC)are other key indicators affecting drought-resistant materials.Relative shoot length(RSL),hydrogen peroxide(H₂O₂)and superoxide dismutase gene(OsALM1)are other key indicators affecting drought-sensitive materials.

Key words: Rice, Drought resistance, Germination period, Physiological characteristics, Gene expression

BAI Xiaorong, MIN Weifang, SHI Yafei, SHE Yangmengfei, TIAN Haotian, LUO Chengke. Effect of Drought Stress on Physiology and Corresponding Gene Expression in the Germination Seeds of Different Rice Germplasm[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(4): 101-111. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193896.

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Figures/Tables 8

Tab.1 Genes exami ned and RT-qPCR primer sequences

基因名称 Gene symbol	登录号 RGAP ID	引物序列(5'—3')(正向/反向) Primer sequence (5'—3') (forward/reverse)	产物大小/bp Product size
OsALM1	LOC_Os06g05110	CTGGCTGGGTTTGGCTTGT/TCGCCTGTCATCCTTGTAATC	158
OsPOX1	LOC_Os01g15830	TGCCTGTTGATGCTCTGCT/CCGCCTGTGCTACGATGGA	157
OsCATC	LOC_Os03g03910	ACAACCACTACGACGGCTTCA/CCTTGGCAATCACCACCTT	153
OsP5CS	LOC_Os05g38150	AATGACAGTTTAGCAGGAC/ACCACTATACAACCCATCC	87
OsActin	LOC_Os03g50885	GACCTTCAACACCCCTGCTA/ACAGTGTGGCTGACACCATC	114

Tab.2 Growth index of rice at the germination stage under normal conditions

材料类别 Material category	材料名称 Material name	发芽势/% Germinative potential	芽长/cm Shoot length	活力指数 Vigor index	萌发指数/% Germination index
抗旱性材料	Farry	0.89±0.00a	4.25±0.05a	476.68±30.34ab	1.00±0.01a
Drought-resistant	松粳3号	0.91±0.00a	4.32±0.08a	483.06±115.19ab	1.05±0.02a
materials	宁粳36号	0.91±0.00a	4.31±0.08a	524.48±55.24a	1.05±0.04a
旱敏感材料	Calrose	0.77±0.00b	2.55±0.01b	480.28±39.68ab	0.81±0.00b
Dry sensitive	京宁10号	0.75±0.00b	2.58±0.05b	347.14±2.68b	0.81±0.04b
materials	山形86	0.74±0.03b	2.31±0.12c	338.48±4.78b	0.78±0.03bc

Fig.1 Effect of drought stress on rice growth index during germination Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in 0.05 levels between different materials(P<0.05).

Fig.2 Effect of drought stress on malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species in different germination stages Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in 0.05 levels between different varieties under each treatment.The same as Fig.3—4.

Fig.3 Effect of different antioxidant enzyme activities and osmotic substance content in rice during the germination period under drought stress

Fig.4 Effect of drought stress on the relative expression of antioxidant enzyme synthesis genes and proline synthesis genes in different rice during the germination period

Fig.5 Correlation analysis among different rice indexes during germination periods under drought stress CAT.Catalase;SOD.Superoxide dismutase;POD.Peroxidase;SS.Soluble sugar;MDA.Malondialdehyde;SP.Soluble protein;Pro.Proline;H₂O₂.Hydrogen peroxide; $\mathrm{O}_{2}^{\bar{.}}$.Superoxide anion;RGP.Relative germination potential;RSL.Relative bud length;GDRI.Germination and drought resistance index;VI.Viability index;OsP5CS.Proline synthesis gene;OsPOX1.Peroxidase gene;OsCATC.Catalase gene;OsALM1.Superoxide dismutase gene.^*.A significant difference at the P<0.05 level,the same as Fig.6.

Fig.6 Principal component analysis of various indicators in different rice germination seeds under drought stress

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