Abstract:

To explore the relationship between agronomic traits and yield of oil sunflowers and select new high-quality and high-yield oil sunflower varieties suitable for climate and planting mode of Hebei Province,genetic diversity analysis,correlation analysis,systematic cluster analysis,and principal component analysis(PCA)were conducted on 14 traits of 39 oil sunflower hybrids.The research results indicated that the coefficient of variation for different traits ranged from 2.50% to 32.37%.Among them,the coefficient of variation of grain weight per head was the highest,at 32.37%,with a variation range of 16.77—113.78 g.The coefficient of variation during the growth period was the smallest,only 2.50%.The yield was extremely significantly positively correlated with 100-grain weight,grain number per head,grain weight per head,grain volume weight,and plant height,and significantly positively correlated with grain area,grain circumference,and grain length;Plant height was extremely significantly positively correlated with 100-grain weight,grain area,grain circumference,grain length,grain width,and grain volume weight,and significantly positively correlated with grain weight per head.PCA divides the agronomic traits of different varieties into four principal components,which could be summarized as grain trait factors,yield factors,growth period and morphology factors,and grain volume weight factors,with a cumulative contribution rate of 81.939%.At a Chi-square distance of 1.05,39 materials were divided into 4 groups,among which group Ⅰ contained 23 materials with excellent grain and yield traits,and was similar to the characteristics of group Ⅰ in the PCA scatter diagram.Based on the above data analysis,from the perspective of selection potential,the impact of traits such as grain weight per head,grain number per head,head diameter,plant height,and 100-grain weight on yield should be mainly considered.

Key words: Oil sunflower, Hybrids, Breeding, Traits, Principal component analysis