Abstract:

To explore the abundance of Gibberella zeae and the composition and diversity of fungal communities in spring wheat belt of the Northeast, bulk soil samples were collected under four crop rotation patterns, such as wheat-wheat-potato (T), wheat-wheat-silybum marianum (MT), wheat-wheat-oilseed rape (R), wheat-wheat-sugarbeet (S), and wheat for three years (W) was used as control. The Illumina MiSeq was used to sequence the ITS amplicons of the strains. The data showed that the number of fungal OTUs in W, T, MT, R and S was 389, 362, 390, 471 and 438, respectively. In the R and S rotation pattern, Chao1 were increased 11.08% and 8.59% respectively, compared with wheat continuous cropping, indicating that the rotation of silybum marianum, oilseed rape and sugarbeet with wheat increased the abundance of fungi genus. Among the five planting patterns, Shannon and Simpson in MT were the highest, revealed that the diversity of fungal communities in MT was more enriched. The similarity cluster analysis of fungal community structure showed that the four rotation patterns clustered into one branch. Under the four cropping rotation patterns, the abundance of basidiomycota increased while that of Zygomycota decreased. We also found that the relative abundance of Gibberella zeae decreased by 16.67%, 50.00% and 83.33% in R, S and MT, respectively, while the abundance of friendly genus were remarkably increased. However, the relative abundance of Gibberella zeae was increased significantly in the T pattern. Based on the above research results and the local planting structure, it is suggested to plant silybum marianum, sugarbeet and oilseed rape rotation with wheat to reduce the hazard of wheat scab.

Key words: Wheat, Crop rotation patterns, Fungal communities, Gibberella zeae