Effects of Total Replacement of Chemical Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Tea,Soil Nutrients and Nitrogen Utilization

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192176

Abstract

Abstract: In order to promote the scientific and rational fertilization of regional tea garden, this study took the recommended fertilizer application rate of local tea garden as the control(CK), and six gradient organic fertilizer application rates were used as treatments:3 000(FQ1), 4 500(FQ2), 6 000(FQ3), 7 500(FQ4), 9 000(FQ5), 12 000 kg/ha(FQ6), the effects organic fertilizer application rate on yield and quality of tea, soil nutrients and nitrogen utilization were analyzed. The results showed that:Different treatments had extremely significant effects on tea yield and yield traits(P <0.01);Compared with CK, the application of organic fertilizer under the condition of the same(or less) nutrient input reduced the yield and yield characters of tea garden in different degrees(the decrease range was 4.32% -32.28%). Further increasing the application amount of organic fertilizer could obtain better yield and yield characters. Compared with CK, the content of tea water extract was increased when the application rate of organic fertilizer was more than 4 500 kg/ha, and the content of tea water extract was significantly increased in FQ6 treatment(P <0.05);The effects of organic fertilizer application on tea polyphenols and amino acids content were relatively small, only FQ5 and FQ6 treatment significantly increased tea amino acid content in 2019, and FQ1 treatment significantly reduced tea polyphenols content in 2020(P <0.05). There was no significant effect of organic fertilizer on caffeine and phenol ammonia ratio of tea(P >0.05), but it increased caffeine content and decreased phenol ammonia ratio of tea to a certain extent. Compared with CK, different application rates of organic fertilizer could alleviate soil acidification and significantly increase the content of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen in tea garden soil(P <0.05);Except for FQ1 treatment, organic fertilizer application significantly increased the contents of soil organic matter and available potassium(P <0.05);FQ1 treatment significantly decreased the content of soil available phosphorus(P <0.05), while FQ5(2019) and FQ6 significantly increased the content of soil available phosphorus(P <0.05). Nitrogen surplus and nitrogen partial productivity increased and decreased extremely significantly with the increase of nitrogen application rate respectively(P <0.01). There was no significant difference in nitrogen surplus and nitrogen partial productivity between CK and organic fertilizer(FQ3)under the same nutrient input rate(P >0.05);The relationship between nitrogen surplus, nitrogen partial productivity and nitrogen application rate was linear (y=0.786 x -115.04, P <0.01) and power function(y=635.28x^-0.605, P <0.01), that is, with the increase of fertilizer nitrogen input, nitrogen surplus and nitrogen partial production increased and decreased respectively. Based on the response of tea yield in 2019 and 2020, the linear plus platform model was used to fit the optimal application rate of organic fertilizer every year, which was 8 739.55-9 169.95 kg/ha, but caused excessive nitrogen surplus and low nitrogen partial productivity, and increased the risk of environmental pollution. In conclusion, the application of organic fertilizer in tea garden reduced the yield, but improved the quality of tea and improved the soil nutrient status;In addition, from the perspective of nitrogen utilization, the yield should not be excessively pursued when applying organic fertilizer in tea garden, and the amount of organic fertilizer should be appropriately reduced to control nitrogen input.

Key words: Tea, Organic fertilizer, Chemical fertilizer, Yield, Quality, Soil nutrients, Nitrogen utilization

CLC Number:

S571.1
S143

HUANG Shangshu, SUN Yongming, JIANG Xinfeng, WU Yan, LIN Xiaobing, HE Shaolang, YU Paolan, XIONG Wen, LEI Liwen. Effects of Total Replacement of Chemical Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Tea,Soil Nutrients and Nitrogen Utilization[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(4): 163-171. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192176.

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