Effects of Fallow on Soil Biological Characteristics in Wheat and Rape Fields

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20191839

Abstract

Abstract: A study was conducted to determine the effects of fallow on soil quality under the condition of the serious decline of farmland quality caused by continuous cultivation in the black soil,in order to provide theoretical basis for the establishment of fallow system based on wheat and rape rotation mode in Eastern Inner Mongolia. Wheat and rape fields and yield after fallow were investigated comparing with wheat-rape and rape-wheat rotation. After two years of repeated experiments, the results showed that all indexes were less affected by climate factors,and the soil biological properties of wheat and rape fields after fallow were better than those of conventional rotation patterns. The activities of catalase, sucrase, urease, and phosphatase in fallow wheat and rape fields after fallow were higher than those in conventional rotation,in particular, the difference of catalase and sucrase activity was significant (P<0.05). Microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were also higher than conventional rotation. B/F had the same performance. The differences of soil bacterial richness and diversity were slightly different in two years, but the overall performance was greater than that of wheat rape conventional rotation mode. The biomass and economic yield of crops were significantly higher than those of conventional rotation (P<0.05). Through correlation analysis, the crop biomass and economic yield were positively correlated with enzyme activity, microbial biomass, and bacterial richness, but negatively correlated with fungal richness. Therefore, fallow could improve soil enzyme activity, microbial biomass, bacterial richness, and diversity, reduce fungal richness and diversity, improve the quality of cultivated land and increase crop yield.

Key words: Wheat, Rape, Fallow, Soil microbial biomass carbon, Soil enzyme activity, Bacteria, Fungus

CLC Number:

WANG Jianguo, LU Zhanyuan, CHENG Yuchen, ZHANG Dejian, ZHAO Xiaoqing, WU Haiming, ZHAO Yuhe. Effects of Fallow on Soil Biological Characteristics in Wheat and Rape Fields[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(2): 81-88. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191839.

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