Effects of Rice Straw Returning Patterns on Rapeseed Yields and Nutrient Efficiency

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20191303

Abstract

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of rice straw returning on the dry matter accumulation, yield, NPK uptake and utilization of rapeseed, two pot experiments which was different in acid and alkaline soils fed from two locals of paddy soil were carried out in a greenhouse of the Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences from 2017 to 2018. Four treatments were arranged:no straw returning(CK), returning of ashes from straw burning to soil (Burning), returning of chopped straw to soil(Turning), mulching of chopped straw on soil(Mulching). The main results showed that:different rice straw returning patterns had effects on rapeseed dry matter accumulation and yield of rapeseed. Mulching treatment was the best pattern among the 4 treatments. Compared with the CK, the biomass of rapeseed in mulching treatment was increased by 16.9%, 18.5% and 16.8% in seedling, florescence and maturing stage, and the seed yield of rapeseed increased by 13.9%, respectively. There were significant differences among the mulching and other treatments(except of turning in seedling period of Macheng soil) full growth period in the biomass and seed yield of rapeseed.Rice straw returning could increase NPK nutrients uptake efficiency of rapeseed. Compared with the CK, N nutrient uptake efficiency of rapeseed in mulching was increased by 18.8%, 17.4% and 12.9% in seedling, florescence and maturing stage of rapeseed, respectively. P nutrient uptake efficiency of rapeseed in mulching was increased by 22.3%, 18.6% and 21.7% in seedling, florescence and maturing stage of rapeseed, respectively. K nutrient uptake efficiency of rapeseed in mulching was increased by 22.8%, 20.0% and 17.5% in seedling, florescence and maturing stage of rapeseed, respectively. Florescence was the period of maximum NPK nutrient uptake efficiency, and maturing stage was the period of maximum NPK physiological utilization efficiency of rapeseed. During the whole growth period of rapeseed, the root maintained a high level of NPK physiological utilization efficiency. The overall results suggested that rice straw mulching is one of the promising measurements of cyclic utilization of rice straw in rice-rapeseed rotation system.

Key words: Rapeseed, Straw returning to field, Dry-matter accumulation, Yield, NPK use efficiency

CLC Number:

S143.3
S365

LI Yinshui, YU Changbing, DAI Zhigang, GU Chiming, QIN Lu, SHEN Xinjie, HU Xiaojia, XIE Lihua, LIAO Xing. Effects of Rice Straw Returning Patterns on Rapeseed Yields and Nutrient Efficiency[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(1): 177-186. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191303.

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