Effects of Calcium and ARC Microbial Agent on Soil Nutrient, Soil Enzyme Activity and Peanut Yield

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195121

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the improvement effect of calcium fertilizer and ARC microbial agent on red earth dry land with low-calcium,the peanut variety Xianghua 522 was used as the experimental material,and two levels of calcium hydroxide fertilizer(0,750 kg/ha,code Ca₀ and Ca₅₀)and three levels of ARC microbial agent(0,30,60 kg/ha,code A₀,A₂and A₄)were set to form six treatments to carry out pot experiment.It measured soil nutrient and soil enzyme activity in 0—20 cm arable layer soil at peanut seedling stage,flowering stage,pod setting stage and pod filling stage,and pod economic characters and yield were measured at harvest.The results showed that:single application of calcium fertilizer and the combined application of calcium fertilizer and ARC microbial agent could significantly improve the pH of soil at all growth stages,but ARC microbial agent had little effect on it.Compared with CK(Ca₀A₀),Ca₅₀A₂ and Ca₅₀A₄ significantly increased the content of hydrolyzable nitrogen in soil in the whole stage and the content of available phosphorus in soil in the first three growth stages;the content of available potassium in soil of Ca₅₀A₄ was higher than CK in general,and it was significant at seedling stage and pod setting stage;compared with CK,Ca₅₀A₀ significantly increased the content of exchangeable calcium in soil in four stages,with an increase of 23.78%—56.21%;the content of calcium ion in soil with calcium fertilizer application was significantly higher than that without calcium fertilizer application(the flowering stage was not significant),and it was little affected by ARC microbial agent;the content of organic matter in soil remained stable in the whole growth stage,but Ca₅₀A₄and Ca₅₀A₂ were significantly higher than CK in each growth stage.Compared with CK,the soil sucrase activity of soil each treatment was significantly increased in four stages,and the increase was the largest in Ca₅₀A₄,ranging from 50.79% to 162.56%;the protease activity of soil was significantly increased by Ca₅₀A₂ in four stages with an increase of 26.58%—244.63%;the acid phosphatase activity of soil was significantly increased by Ca₅₀A₄ and Ca₀A₂ during the whole growth stage;the catalase activity of soil in all treatments showed a decreasing trend in general.All treatments could increase the yield of peanut pod in different degrees,and the effect of calcium fertilizer application was greater than that of ARC microbial agent,among which Ca₅₀A₄ had the best effect,with the pod weight per plant increasing by 12.29%,mainly increased the pod number per plant and the full pod number per plant.To sum up,the combined application of calcium fertilizer and ARC microbial agent has a good interaction effect on improving soil nutrient content,stimulating soil enzyme activity and increasing peanut yield,and the best effect is 750 kg/ha calcium fertilizer+60 kg/ha ARC microbial agent(Ca₅₀A₄),which can provide a theoretical basis for green and high yield cultivation of peanut.

Key words: Peanut, Calcium, ARC microbial agent, Soil nutrient, Soil enzyme activity, Yield

WU Gongming, LIU Guanghua, ZHOU Guoqiang, LIU Guoping, LIU Wu, XU Guofeng, ZENG Ningbo, LI Lin, LIU Dengwang. Effects of Calcium and ARC Microbial Agent on Soil Nutrient, Soil Enzyme Activity and Peanut Yield[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2024, 39(6): 125-134. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195121.

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References 37

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编号 Number	钙肥施用量/(kg/hm²) Application rate calcium fertilizer	ARC菌剂施用量/(kg/hm²) Application rate ARC microbial agent	每盆施用量/g Application rate per pot
CK(Ca₀A₀)	0	0	氢氧化钙0+ARC0
A(Ca₀A₂)	0	30	氢氧化钙0+ARC0.28
B(Ca₀A₄)	0	60	氢氧化钙0+ARC0.56
C(Ca₅₀A₀)	750	0	氢氧化钙7.0+ARC0
D(Ca₅₀A₂)	750	30	氢氧化钙7.0+ARC0.28
E(Ca₅₀A₄)	750	60	氢氧化钙7.0+ARC0.56

编号 Number	钙肥施用量/(kg/hm²) Application rate calcium fertilizer	ARC菌剂施用量/(kg/hm²) Application rate ARC microbial agent	每盆施用量/g Application rate per pot
CK(Ca₀A₀)	0	0	氢氧化钙0+ARC0
A(Ca₀A₂)	0	30	氢氧化钙0+ARC0.28
B(Ca₀A₄)	0	60	氢氧化钙0+ARC0.56
C(Ca₅₀A₀)	750	0	氢氧化钙7.0+ARC0
D(Ca₅₀A₂)	750	30	氢氧化钙7.0+ARC0.28
E(Ca₅₀A₄)	750	60	氢氧化钙7.0+ARC0.56

处理 Treatment	单株果数 Pod number per plant	单株饱果数 Full pod number per plant	千克果数 Pods per kilogram	百果质量/g 100-pod weight	百仁质量/g 100-kenel weight	单株果质量/g Pod weight per plant
Ca₀A₀	26.25±8.07a	15.43±2.98a	811.97±108.15a	163.15±5.72ab	62.33±5.09a	31.57±7.34a
Ca₀A₂	26.33±6.72a	16.67±3.81a	812.20±178.20a	156.43±20.21ab	57.89±9.79a	32.35±6.87a
Ca₀A₄	30.00±2.68a	16.00±1.60a	918.27±91.83a	134.14±11.04b	55.09±1.96a	32.67±3.27a
Ca₅₀A₀	26.00±3.10a	17.53±2.93a	734.97±15.31a	175.10±3.13a	64.84±3.97a	35.40±4.93a
Ca₅₀A₂	28.62±2.79a	17.43±0.81a	846.93±151.18a	160.95±17.88ab	61.21±3.52a	33.99±2.44a
Ca₅₀A₄	32.08±2.75a	20.10±3.73a	894.63±47.63a	151.98±21.34ab	55.07±3.66a	35.45±1.88a

处理 Treatment	单株果数 Pod number per plant	单株饱果数 Full pod number per plant	千克果数 Pods per kilogram	百果质量/g 100-pod weight	百仁质量/g 100-kenel weight	单株果质量/g Pod weight per plant
Ca₀A₀	26.25±8.07a	15.43±2.98a	811.97±108.15a	163.15±5.72ab	62.33±5.09a	31.57±7.34a
Ca₀A₂	26.33±6.72a	16.67±3.81a	812.20±178.20a	156.43±20.21ab	57.89±9.79a	32.35±6.87a
Ca₀A₄	30.00±2.68a	16.00±1.60a	918.27±91.83a	134.14±11.04b	55.09±1.96a	32.67±3.27a
Ca₅₀A₀	26.00±3.10a	17.53±2.93a	734.97±15.31a	175.10±3.13a	64.84±3.97a	35.40±4.93a
Ca₅₀A₂	28.62±2.79a	17.43±0.81a	846.93±151.18a	160.95±17.88ab	61.21±3.52a	33.99±2.44a
Ca₅₀A₄	32.08±2.75a	20.10±3.73a	894.63±47.63a	151.98±21.34ab	55.07±3.66a	35.45±1.88a

土壤酶活性指标 SEA	酸碱度 pH	水解性氮 HN	有效磷 AP	速效钾 AK	交换性钙 EC	钙离子 CI	有机质 OM
蔗糖酶SC	-0.084	-0.008	-0.473^*	-0.647^*	-0.437^*	-0.530^*	0.004
脲酶UE	0.068	0.702^*	-0.167	-0.452^*	-0.104	-0.624^*	0.312
蛋白酶PT	-0.039	0.831^*	-0.400	-0.524^*	-0.299	-0.457^*	0.395
酸性磷酸酶ACP	-0.008	-0.012	0.467^*	0.279	0.075	-0.221	0.093
过氧化氢酶CAT	-0.387	-0.206	0.060	-0.077	-0.293	-0.473^*	-0.482^*

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