Effects of Straw Returning Plus Nitrogen Fertilizer on Water Use Efficiency and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Spring Maize in Northeast China

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2018.02.031

Abstract

Abstract: To study the effects of straw returning and nitrogen(N) application rates on water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency of spring maize.A field experiment was conducted in 2014-2015 at Tieling City of Liaoning Province with six treatments(0.0 kg/ha of straw+0.0 kg/ha of pure NPK,S0F0; 9 000 kg/ha of straw+0.0 kg/ha of pure N+112.5 kg/ha of pure P+90.0 kg/ha of pure K,SN0; 9 000 kg/ha of straw+112.5 kg/ha of pure N+112.5 kg/ha of pure P+90.0 kg/ha of pure K,SN1; 0.0 kg/ha of straw+225.0 kg/ha of pure N+112.5 kg/ha of pure P+90.0 kg/ha of pure K,S0N2,CK; 9 000 kg/ha of straw+225.0 kg/ha of pure N+112.5 kg/ha of P+90.0 kg/ha of pure K,SN2; 9 000 kg/ha of straw+337.5 kg/ha of pure N+112.5 kg/ha of P+ 90.0 kg/ha of pure K,SN3).Results indicated that the maize yield and nitrogen agronomic use efficiency were dramatically influenced by straw returning plus nitrogen fertilizer.The yield of straw 9 000 kg/ha plus nitrogen 225.0 kg/ha treatment was the highest,and the average yield increased was 1.10%-11.56% in two years,which was mainly due to the significant increase of 100-seed weight and row numbers and the decrease of tip-barren,but the yield did not increase with the increased of nitrogen application rates.C_m and W_m of dry matter increased with the increase of nitrogen application rates in treatments of straw returning plus nitrogen fertilizer,but t_m of dry matter was delayed in treatment of 0.0 kg/ha of straw plus 0.0 kg/ha of pure N,which decreased directly dry matter accumulation.Straw returning plus nitrogen fertilizer increased soil water storage capacity,crop water use efficiency,but under the same nitrogen application rate,soil water storage capacity,precipitation utilization efficiency of grown period and crop water use efficiency of straw returning treatments were no significantly improved compared with non-straw returning treatments.Straw returning plus nitrogen fertilizer improved utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer and soil organic matter,but the difference in available nutrients was not significant.Therefore,the comprehensive analysis showed that straw returning 9 000 kg/ha plus 225.0 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer was the ideal mode in brown soil area of the Northern Liaoning Province,which had certain application value in this regional agricultural development.

Key words: Straw returning, Nitrogen application rate, Water use efficiency, Nitrogen use efficiency, Spring maize, Soil nutrients

CLC Number:

S141.1

BAI Wei, ZHANG Lizhen, PANG Huancheng, NIU Shiwei, CAI Qian, SUN Zhanxiang, AN Jingwen. Effects of Straw Returning Plus Nitrogen Fertilizer on Water Use Efficiency and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Spring Maize in Northeast China[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2018, 33(2): 224-231. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2018.02.031.

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