Effects of Rice Straw Covered with Soil Surface on Yield and Soil Fertility of Nasturtium officinale R. Br. in Autumn and Winter Stubble in Greenhouse

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.201751578

Abstract

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of soil surface covering rice straw rot in different seasons on the yield of aquatic vegetables and soil fertility in greenhouses, 7 500 kg/ha of rice straw was covered with soil surface and control (CK, not covered with rice straw), and each treatment was set up 3 times. Repeatedly, in the autumn and winter, the plastic cultivation box was used in the greenhouse and the water was used to grow the watercress to study the effects of rice straw mulching on the decomposing rate of rice straw, the yield quality of watercress and the physical and chemical properties of soil. The results showed that the decomposing rate of rice straw was 69.34%, and the total yield of treated and control watercress was 68 610, 64 725 kg/ha, which was 6% higher than that of the control. The treated watercress could absorb more nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The stem and leaf dry matter rate and crude fiber content were significantly lower than the control, which improved the quality of the watercress plant. The soil organic carbon content decreased by 1.15% compared with that before planting, and the control decreased by 2.88%, which effectively alleviated the decrease of organic carbon content caused by plant growth and absorption. The total nitrogen-total phosphorus-total potassium content of the soil increased by 15.4%-9.3%-5.7% compared with the control, the nitrate nitrogen content increased by 14.51% compared with the control, the available phosphorus content decreased by 4.9% compared with the control, and the available potassium content increased by 8.36% compared with the control. The activities of soil invertase, acid phosphatase and urease decreased after planting, but the decrease was significantly lower than that of the control, indicating that rice straw mulching can effectively improve soil enzyme activity. It is believed that there is still a high decomposing rate of rice straw in the paddy field in the facility, which can improve the yield and quality of aquatic vegetables and improve soil properties.

Key words: Rice straw, The decomposing rate, Nasturtium officinale R. Br., Yield and quality, Physicochemical properties of soil

CLC Number:

S141

YAN Wuwei, ZHANG Yongxian, JIANG Jiezeng, XIE Mengwei, QIAN Jiayu, ZHANG Hao. Effects of Rice Straw Covered with Soil Surface on Yield and Soil Fertility of Nasturtium officinale R. Br. in Autumn and Winter Stubble in Greenhouse[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2019, 34(S1): 228-234. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.201751578.

/ / Recommend / Download Citations

URL: http://www.hbnxb.net/EN/10.7668/hbnxb.201751578

http://www.hbnxb.net/EN/Y2019/V34/IS1/228

References

[1] 喻景权,周杰. "十二五"我国设施蔬菜生产和科技进展及其展望[J]. 中国蔬菜,2016(9):18-30. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6346.2016.09.006.
Y J Q,Zhou J. Progress in protected vegetable production and research during China's 12th five-year plan[J]. Chinese Vegetables,2016(9):18-30.
[2] 缪其松,张聪,广建芳,陈立华,邵孝侯,张燕燕. 设施土壤连作障碍防控技术研究进展[J]. 北方园艺,2017,41(16):180-185. doi:10.11937/bfyy.20164469.
Mao Q S,Zhang C,Guang J F,Chen L H,Shao X H,Zhang Y Y. Research progress on prevention and control techniques of continuous cropping obstacle in facility soil[J]. Northern Horticulture,2017,41(16):180-185.
[3] 江解增,缪旻珉,曾晓萍,曹光亮. 设施内蔬菜水旱轮作新模式[J]. 中国蔬菜,2011(9):46-49.
Jang J Z,Miao M M,Zeng X P,Cao G L. New mode of vegetable water and drought rotation in the facility[J]. Chinese Vegetables,2011(9):46-49.
[4] 周增辉. 设施园艺盐渍化土壤性质及水旱轮作效果调查研究[D]. 扬州:扬州大学,2014. doi:10.7666/d.Y2633099.
Zou Z H. Investigation on the characteristics of landscaping salinized soil and the effect of water and drought rotation Yangzhou[D]. Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2014.
[5] 韩鲁佳,闫巧娟,刘向阳,胡金有. 中国农作物秸秆资源及其利用现状[J]. 农业工程学报,2002,18(3):87-91. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1002-6819.2002.03.022.
Hn L J,Yan Q J,Liu X Y,Hu J Y. Straw resources and their utilization in China[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2002,18(3):87-91.
[6] 王伊琨,于跃跃,贾小红,王胜涛,张雪莲,张蕾. 秸秆资源利用及秸秆还田生态环境效益的研究进展[J]. 安徽农学通报,2019,25(10):111-113,134. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-7731.2019.10.048.
Wng Y K,Yu Y Y,Jia X H,Wang S T,Zhang X L,Zhang L. Advances in research on utilization of straw resources and ecological benefits of straw returning[J]. Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin,2019,25(10):111-113,134.
[7] 丛艳静,韩萍. 连续3年玉米秸秆还田对土壤理化性状及作物产量的影响[J]. 中国农学通报,2018,34(17):95-98.
Cng Y J,Han P. Effects of corn stalk returning on soil physical and chemical properties and crop yield for three consecutive years[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2018,34(17):95-98.
[8] 李伟群,张久明,迟凤琴,匡恩俊,李梓瑄,杨忠赞,刘宝林,宿庆瑞. 秸秆不同还田方式对土壤团聚体及有机碳含量的影响[J]. 黑龙江农业科学,2019(5):27-30. doi:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2019.05.0027.
L W Q,Zhang J M,Chi F Q,Kuang E J,Li Z X,Yang Z Z,Liu B L,Su Q R. Effects of different straw returning methods on soil aggregates and organic carbon content[J]. Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences,2019(5):27-30.
[9] 赵士诚,曹彩云,李科江,仇少君,周卫,何萍. 长期秸秆还田对华北潮土肥力、氮库组分及作物产量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(6):1441-1449. doi:10.11674/zwyf.2014.0614.
Zao S C,Cao C Y,Li K J,Qiu S J,Zhou W,He P. Effects of long-term straw returning on soil fertility, nitrogen components and crop yield in North China[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers,2014,20(6):1441-1449.
[10] 潘剑玲,代万安,尚占环,郭瑞英. 秸秆还田对土壤有机质和氮素有效性影响及机制研究进展[J]. 中国生态农业学报,2013,21(5):526-535.doi:10.3724/SP.J.1011.2013.00526.
Pn J L,Dai W A,Shang Z H,Guo R Y. Review of research progress on the influence and mechanism of field straw residue incorporation on soil organic matter and nitrogen availability[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2013,21(5):526-535.
[11] 刘卉,周清明,黎娟. 秸秆还田对土壤改良及作物生长影响的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报,2017,33(32):53-57.
Lu H,Zhou Q M,Li J. Effects of straw returning on soil improvement and crop growth:Research progress[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2017,33(32):53-57.
[12] 严吴炜,朱丽丽,张路,李换平,江解增. 土表覆盖水稻秸秆对大棚水蕹菜产量和土壤肥力的影响[J]. 中国蔬菜,2017(8):51-57.
Yn W W,Zhu L L,Zhang L,Li H P,Jiang J Z. Effect of rice straw surficial mulch on soil fertility and yield of water spinach in plastic tunnel[J]. Chinese Vegetables,2017(8):51-57.
[13] 鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
Bo S D. Soil agrochemical analysis[M]. Beijing:Chinese Agricultural Press,2000.
[14] 宋歌,孙波,教剑英. 测定土壤硝态氮的紫外分光光度法与其他方法的比较[J]. 土壤学报,2007,44(2):288-293. doi:10.3321/j.issn:0564-3929.2007.02.014.
Sng G,Sun B,Jiao J Y. Comparison between ultraviolet spectrophotometry and other methods in determination of soil nitrate-N[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2007,44(2):288-293.
[15] 吕贻忠,李保国.土壤学试验[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社,2010. Lü Y Z,Li B G. Soil test[M]. Beijing:Chinese Agricultural Press,2010.
[16] 关松荫. 土壤酶及其研究法[M]. 北京:农业出版社,1986:274-313.
Gan S Y. Soil enzyme and its research method[M]. Beijing:Agricultural Press,1986:274-313.
[17] 邹琦. 植物生理学实验指导[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
Zu Q. Plant physiology experiment guide[M]. Beijing:Chinese Agricultural Press,2000.
[18] 陈亮,王克勤. 芹菜中总黄酮测定方法的探讨[J]. 四川食品与发酵,2006,42(6):47-49. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-506X.2006.06.014.
Cen L,Wang K Q. Discussion on the determination method of total flavonoids in celery extract[J]. Sichuan Food and Fermentation,2006,42(6):47-49.
[19] 刘骁蒨,涂仕华,孙锡发,辜运富,张先琴,张小平. 秸秆还田与施肥对稻田土壤微生物生物量及固氮菌群落结构的影响[J]. 生态学报,2013,33(17):5210-5218. doi:10.5846/stxb201205290788.
Lu X Q,Tu S H,Sun X F,Gu Y F,Zhang X Q,Zhang X P. Effect of different fertilizer combinations and straw return on microbial biomass and nitrogen-fixing bacteria community in a paddy soil[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(17):5210-5218.
[20] 罗文丽,周柳强,谭宏伟,李伏生. 水稻秸秆腐解规律及养分释放特征[J]. 南方农业学报,2014,45(5):808-812. doi:10.3969/j:issn.2095-1191.2014.5.808.
Lo W L,Zhou L Q,Tan H W,Li F S. Decomposition patterns and nutrient release characteristics of rice straw[J]. Journal of Southern Agriculture,2014,45(5):808-812.
[21] 董林林,王海侯,陆长婴,金梅娟,朱兴连,沈园,沈明星. 秸秆还田量和类型对土壤氮及氮组分构成的影响[J]. 应用生态学报,2019,30(4):1143-1150. doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201904.018.
Dng L L,Wang H H,Lu C Y,Jin M J,Zhu X L,Shen Y,Shen M X. Effects of the amount and type of straw returning on the composition of soil nitrogen and nitrogen components[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2019,30(4):1143-1150.
[22] 李亚鑫,张娟霞,刘伟刚,郑险峰,翟丙年,王朝辉. 玉米秸秆还田配施氮肥对冬小麦产量和土壤硝态氮的影响[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2018,46(7):38-44. doi:10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2018.07.006.
L Y X,Zhang J X,Liu W G,Zheng X F,Zhai B N,Wang Z H. Effects of applying corn stalk returning to field combined with nitrogen fertilizer on winter wheat yield and soil nitrate nitrogen[J]. Journal of Northwest A&F University (Natural Science Edition),2018,46(7):38-44.
[23] 张忠学,李铁成,齐智娟,兰佳欣,陈鹏,聂堂哲. 控制灌溉下秸秆还田对稻田土壤氮素组成的影响[J/OL]. 农业机械学报:1-13[2019-09-12]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.1964.s.20190710.1306.004.html. Zhang Z X,Li T C,Qi Z J,Lan J X,Chen P,Nie T Z. Effect of straw returning on nitrogen composition in paddy soil under controlled irrigation[J/OL].Journal of Agricultural Machinery:1-13[2019-09-12]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.1964.s.20190710.1306.004.html.
[24] 傅敏,郝敏敏,胡恒宇,丁文超,翟明振,张海依. 土壤有机碳与微生物群落结构对多年不同耕作方式与秸秆还田的响应[J]. 应用生态学报,2019,30(9):3183-3194. doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332. 201909. 039.
F M,Hao M M,Hu H Y,Ding W C,Zhai M Z,Zhang H Y. Response of soil organic carbon and microbial community structure to different tillage methods and straw returning for many years[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2019,30(9):3183-3194.
[25] 杨钊,尚建明,陈玉梁. 长期秸秆还田对土壤理化特性及微生物数量的影响[J]. 甘肃农业科技,2019(1):13-20. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.(2019)01.005.
Yng Z,Shang J M,Chen Y L. Effects of long-term straw return on soil physical and chemical characteristics and microbial quantity[J]. Gansu Agricultural Science and Technology,2019(1):13-20.
[26] 管永祥,曾晓萍,钱晓晴,江解增,杨洪建,马金骏. 江苏省设施瓜菜"轮、控、改、替"全程绿色高效生产技术体系[J].长江蔬菜,2018(12):30-32. doi:10.3865/j.issn.1001-3547.2018.12.012.
Gan Y X,Zeng X P,Qian X J,Jiang J Z,Yang H J,Ma J J. Green and efficient production technology system for the whole process of "wheeling, control, reform, replacement" of facilities and vegetables in Jiangsu Province[J]. Journal of Chang Jiang Vegetables,2018(12):30-32.

Please choose a citation manager

Content to export