Studies on the Effect of Density on the Root-shoot Relationship and Yield in Maize

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7091.2012.02.028

Abstract

Abstract: Experiment was conducted at Gongzhuling experimental station of Institute of Crop Sciences，Chinese?Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Gongzhuling，Jilin Province during 2009 －2010． Changes of plant and population?morphological and physiological index were measured using maize hybrids Zhengdan958(ZD)and Xianyu335(XY)?as experimental materials under 52500 plants/ha(LD)and 82500 plants/ha(HD)conditions． Root characteristics?distribution among soil layers and the relationships between shoot and roots were also studied by the field root digging method． The results showed that plant character index decreased but the population quality increased with the?densities． There were significant increases in population leaf areas and biomass． Root distribution showed a trend of?horizontal contraction and vertical extension under high density conditions compared with low density． Root length?density(RLD)was significantly bigger than that of low density population，so the water and nutrition resources could?be absorbed more efficiently under high density conditions． Shoot-root ratio was a character of hybrid and it did not?change with density at a certain growing stage． Different varieties had their own optimal density，Xianyu335 was?more suitable to high density than Zhengdan958 under this experimental conditions． Based on the result of the experiment it was possible to improve the current maize planting density of 52500 plants/ha to 82500 plants/ha in?North-east maize production area． This experiment elucidated the mechanism of high-yield under high density conditions，and it is also of a great meaning for high-yielding maize production．

Key words: Maize, Density, Root characteristics, Root-shoot relationship, Yield

CLC Number:

S513.01

ZHANG Feng-lu, NIU Xing-kui, ZHANG Yi-ming, LI Shao-kun, XIE Rui-zhi, LIU Xin, XIU Wen-wen. Studies on the Effect of Density on the Root-shoot Relationship and Yield in Maize[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2012, 27(2): 146-151. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7091.2012.02.028.

/ / Recommend / Download Citations

URL: http://www.hbnxb.net/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7091.2012.02.028

http://www.hbnxb.net/EN/Y2012/V27/I2/146

References

[1] 陈印军，肖碧林，王?勇，等．中国谷物发展态势、展望?与对策[J]．农业经济问题，2008(7):27－31．
[2] Duvick D N． Genetic contributions to advances in yield in?US maize[J]． Maydica，1992，37:69－79．
[3] 刘培利，林?琪，隋方功，等．紧凑型玉米根系高产特?性的研究[J]．玉米科学，1994，2(1):59－63．
[4] 刘?伟，吕?鹏，苏?凯，等．种植密度对夏玉米产量?和源库特性的影响[J]．应用生态学报，2010，21(7):?1737－1743．
[5] 段民孝．增加种植密度、提高光温资源利用率、依靠群?体发挥增产潜力是获得高产的重要措施[J]．玉米科?学，2005，13(4):49－ 52．
[6] Sangoi L． Unde rstand ing plant density effects on maize?growth and development:An important issue to m axim ize?grain yield[J]． Ciencias Marinas，2001，31:159－168．
[7] 李少昆，涂华玉．玉米根系在土壤中的分布及与地上?部分的关系[J]．新疆农业科学，1992，3(3):99－103．
[8] 鄂玉江，戴俊英，顾慰连．玉米根系的生长规律及其与?产量关系的研究 I．玉米根系生长和吸收能力与地上?部分的关系[J]．作物学报，1988，14(2):149－154．
[9] 管建慧，郭新宇，刘?洋，等．不同密度处理下玉米根?系干重空间分布动态的研究[J]．玉米科学，2007，15?(4):105－108．
[10] 李少昆，刘景德．不同密度玉米根系在大田土壤中的?分布，重量的调节及与地上部分的关系[J]．玉米科?学，1993，1(3):43－491．
[11] Aboulroos S A，Holan S S，Hagag A A． Effect of nitrogen?and soil moisture on root growth and nutrient influx by?corn[J]． Egyption Journal of Soil Science，1992，32(4):?483－496．
[12] Zhang D Y，Sun G J，Jiang X H． Donald's ideotype and?growth redundancy: A game theoretical analysis[J]．?Field Crops Research，1999，61:179－187．
[13] ?Robinson D． Root proliferation，nitrate inflow and their?carbon costs during nitrogen capture by competing plants?in patchy soil[J]． Plant Soil，2001，232:41－50．
[14] 王空军，董树亭，胡昌浩，等．我国玉米品种更替过程?中根系生理特性的演进 I．根系活性与 ATPase 活性?的变化[J]．作物学报，2002，28(2):185－189．
[15] ?Muchow R C，Carberry P S． Environmental control of?phenology and leaf growth in a tropically adapted maize
[J]． Field Crops Research，1989，20(3):221－236．
[16] Yan Y，Liao C S，Zhang F S，et al． The causal relationship of the decreased shoot and root growth of maize?plants under higher plant density[J]． Plant Nutrition and?Fertilizer Science，2010，16(2):257－265．
[17] Hammer G L，Dong Z，McLean G． Can changes in canopy and/or root system architecture explain historical?maize yield trends in the U． S． corn belt[J]． Crop Science，2009，49:299－312．
[18] ?Lynch J． Root architecture and plant productivity[J]．?Plant Physiology，1995，109:7－13．
[19] Vanvuren M I，Robinson D，Griffiths B S． Nutrient inflow?and root proliferation during the exploitation of a temporally and spatiallydiscrete source of nitrogen in soil[J]．?Plant Soil，1996，178:185－192．
[20] 王启现，王?璞，杨相勇，等．不同施氮时期对玉米根?系分布及其活性的影响[J]．中国农业科学，2010，36?(12):1469－1475．
[21] Wiesler F，Horst W J． Differences among maize cultivars?in the utilization of soil nitrate and the related losses of?nitrate through leaching[J]． Plant Soil，1993，151:193－?203．
[22] 慕自新，张岁岐，郝文芳，等．玉米根系形态性状和空?间分布对水分利用效率的调控[J]．生态学报，2005?(11):896－899．
[23] 陈传永，侯海鹏，李?强，等．种植密度对不同玉米品?种叶片光合特性与碳、氮变化的影响[J]．中国农业?科学，2010，36(5):871－878．
[24] 张?宇，景希强，王延波，等． 13 个不同株型玉米杂交?种适宜密度的研究[J]．玉米科学，2010，18(2):77－?80．
[25] 张吉旺，胡昌浩，王空军，等．植物生长调节剂在玉米?上的初步应用研究[J]．山东农业大学学报:自然科?学版，2003，34(3):343－346．

Please choose a citation manager

Content to export