摘要： 以绿豆芽、赤豆芽、松柳芽、葵花芽为材料,从浸种时间、催芽温度和栽培温湿度几方面探索了最佳环境条件对芽苗菜生长和品质的影响。结果表明:绿豆种子的最佳浸种时间为24 h,最适催芽温度为20～25℃,绿豆芽苗菜最佳栽培环境为28℃和70%～90%的空气相对湿度;赤豆种子的最佳浸种时间为30 h,最适催芽温度为20℃,赤豆芽苗菜的生长最适温度为28℃,最适空气相对湿度为90%;松柳种子的最佳浸种时间为18 h,最适催芽温度为30℃,松柳芽苗菜适合在28℃和70%的空气相对湿度下栽培;向日葵种子的最佳浸种时间为18 h,最适催芽温度为25℃,温度为25℃及空气相对湿度为90%时最适合向日葵芽苗菜生长。最佳环境条件下,向日葵芽苗菜干物质含量最高且粗纤维含量最低,绿豆和赤豆芽苗菜可溶性糖含量极显著高于其他种类芽苗菜,绿豆芽苗菜维生素C含量极显著高于其余3个种类芽苗菜,松柳芽苗菜全N含量最高,而赤豆全P和全K含量极显著高于其种类。

关键词: 芽苗菜, 环境因子, 产量, 营养品质

Abstract: This study investigated the effects of soaking time,pregermination temperature and growth temperature and moisture on the yield and quality of several vegetable sprouts.It showed that the optimum soaking time for Adzuki bean is 24 h,and the temperature is 20-25℃.The combination of 28℃ and 70%-90% moisture is the best condition for producing Mung bean sprouts.For Adzuki bean,soaking for 30h and pregerminating at 20℃,and growing at 28℃ along with 90% relative moisture are the best conditions.Pine willow seeds require 18 h for soaking and 30℃ for pregermination,and 28℃ in combination with 70% relative moisture will facilitate the sprout growth.However,the optimum conditions for Sunflower seeds are soaking for 18h,pregerminating at 25℃,growing the sprouts at 25℃ and 90% moisture.Under optimized conditions,the dry weight of Sunflower sprout is the highest while its crude fiber content is the lowest;however,both Mung bean and Adzuki bean sprouts contain significantly higher sugar content compared to others,whereas the Vc content in Mung bean sprout is the highest.The whole N content in Pine willow sprout is highest,while Adzuki bean sprout contains highest whole P and K content among all species tested.

Key words: Vegetable sprouts, Environmental factors, Yield, Nutritional quality

中图分类号: 

• S63