摘要： 采用田间试验研究了单条施、双条施和窝施三种施肥方法对烤烟生长及养分吸收、分配的影响。结果表明:双条施处理烤烟进入旺长期快,主要农艺性状指标均显著高于单条施处理和窝施处理,Logistic方程很好的拟合了各处理烟叶生长曲线,双条施处理干物质累积量和累计强度均高于其他处理。双条施烟叶中的N、K含量在所有生育时期都高于单条施和窝施处理,其中移栽后70 d时双条施烟叶下部叶K含量分别比单条施、窝施高出10.1%和32%;在移栽后30～50 d,单条施处理的上、中部叶P含量高于双条施和窝施,而在移栽后50～70 d,双条施效果好于单条施和窝施,对于下部叶P含量而言,双条施效果最好。旺长期双条施P、K在上部叶中分配比例要大于单条施和窝施,而N的分配比例则比单条施低。双条施有利于促进烤烟的生长,提高烟草对肥料的吸收和利用。

关键词: 烤烟, 施肥方法, 生长, 养分吸收, 分配

Abstract: The field experiment studied the influence of single-layer fertilizing way,double-layer fertilizing way and cave-like fertilizing way to the growth and nutrient uptake and distribution of flue-cured tobacco.The experiment showed that the tobacco after the process double-layer fertilizing way came into fast growing period earlier and its index of agronomic character was obviously higher than that after the process single-layer fertilizing way and the process cave-like fertilizing way.The logistic equation described the growth curve with different fertilizations well and the accumulation and accumulated intensity of dry matter of process double-layer fertilizing way were both higher than those of process single-layer fertilizing way and cave-like fertilizing way.The content of N and K in tobacco of double-layer fertilizing way,at every growth period,were higher than those of single-layer fertilizing way and cave-like fertilizing way,and 70 days after the transplanting,the content of K in lower leaves of the double-layer fertilizing way was 10.1% and 32% higher than that in single-layer fertilizing way and cave-like fertilizing way respectively;30-50 days after transplanting,the content of P in upper leaves and middle leaves of process A was higher than that of double-layer fertilizing way and cave-like fertilizing way;50-70 days after transplanting,the result of the double-layer fertilizing way was better than that of process single-layer fertilizing way and cave-like fertilizing way,especially to the content of P in lower leaves.In the fast growing period,the allocation proportion of P and K in upper leaves of the double-layer fertilizing way was larger than that of single-layer fertilizing way and cave-like fertilizing way,while,the allocation proportion of N was smaller than that of single-layer fertilizing way.Double-layer fertilizing way was conducive to the growth of tobacco and the promotion of nutrient uptake and utilization.

Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, Fertilization method, Growth, Nutrient uptake, Distribution

中图分类号: 

• S572

• S147.31