干旱胁迫下不同来源多根葱根系及叶片光合特性的比较

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192170

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确内蒙古草原多根葱的抗旱性及抗旱机制。采用盆栽控水法,设置最大田间持水量的75%为对照(CK),25%土壤相对含水量干旱胁迫30 d为处理,在干旱胁迫下对不同来源多根葱根系形态、生理特性及叶片光合特征进行分析。结果表明,四子王旗多根葱在干旱胁迫下与赤峰、鄂尔多斯相比,保持相对较高的根系表面积、根系体积和直径为0~0.5 mm的根长,根系生长受到干旱胁迫的影响相对较小,叶绿体在干旱胁迫下的稳定性相对较好,抗旱性较强;干旱胁迫显著降低了赤峰、鄂尔多斯多根葱地上生物量、地下生物量和总生物量(P<0.05),但对四子王旗多根葱无显著影响(P>0.05)。干旱胁迫处理下多根葱叶片光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO₂浓度和相对含水量显著下降,叶片细胞质膜相对透性显著上升;干旱胁迫促进了多根葱叶片气孔关闭,降低了蒸腾,减少水分的散失。不同样地多根葱根系特征、相对含水量、叶绿素和光合特性在相同处理下存在一定的差异;四子王旗多根葱受干旱胁迫的影响相对较小,耐旱性较强。

关键词: 多根葱, 干旱胁迫, 根系生长, 光合特性

Abstract:

In order to clarify the drought resistance and drought resistance mechanism of Allium polyrhizum in Inner Mongolia grassland,potted water control method was adopted.Two gradients were set,75% of the maximum field water capacity as the control(CK),and 25% of the soil relative water content under 30 days of drought stress.The root morphology,physiological characteristics and leaf photosynthetic characteristics of Allium polyrhizum from different sources were analyzed under drought stress. The result showed that Allium polyrhizum in Siziwang Banner compared with the Chifeng and Ordos was remaining relatively high root surface area,root volume and root length 0-0.5 mm in diameter. Allium polyrhizum root growth was relatively less affected by drought stress,chloroplasts were relatively stable and strong drought resistance in Siziwang Banner. Drought stress significantly decreased the above ground biomass,below ground biomass and total biomass of Allium polyrhizum in Chifeng and Ordos,but had no significant effects on Siziwang Banner(P>0.05). The Pn,Tr,Gs,Ci and leaves relative water content of Allium polyrhizum seedlings were significantly decreased and the relative permeability of cytoplasmic membrane was markedly increased under the whole drought stress treatment. Drought stress induced stomatal closure of Allium polyrhizum leaves and reduced transpiration to decrease water loss.The root characteristics,relative water content,chlorophyll and photosynthetic characteristics of Allium polyrhizum in different sources were certain differences under the same treatment. In general,the effect of drought stress on Allium polyrhizum in Siziwang Banner was relatively weak,it was indicating stronger drought tolerance.

Key words: Allium polyrhizum, Drought stress, Root growth, Photosynthesis characteristics

包秀霞, 廉勇, 慕宗杰, 张欢. 干旱胁迫下不同来源多根葱根系及叶片光合特性的比较[J]. 华北农学报, 2022, 37(4): 122-127. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192170.

BAO Xiuxia, LIAN Yong, MU Zongjie, ZHANG Huan. Comparative Study on Root and Leaf Photosynthesis of Allium polyrhizum from Different Sources under Drought Stress[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(4): 122-127. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192170.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2022/V37/I4/122

图/表 5

表1 不同来源多根葱根系生长特征的比较

Tab.1 Comparison of root growth characteristics of Allium polyrhizum from different sources

采样点 Sample plots		根长/cm Root length				根系表面积/cm² Root surface area				根系体积/cm³ Root volume				直径为0~0.5 mm根长/mm Root length with diameter 0-0.5 mm
采样点 Sample plots		对照CK		处理T		对照CK		处理T		对照CK		处理T		对照CK		处理T
四子王旗Siziwang Banner	892.99±2.07Bb		1 043.79±2.42Aa		135.66±1.13Bb		266.15±1.66Aa		3.24±0.58Aa		4.02±0.61Aa		849.61±2.94Aa		739.89±2.16Ab
赤峰Chifeng	889.05±2.03Ba		939.69±2.27Ba		93.23±0.95Ca		95.11±1.02Ca		1.64±0.26Ba		1.52±0.25Ba		230.09±1.35Cb		303.22±1.47Ca
鄂尔多斯Ordos	1 124.55±2.41Aa		965.11±2.44Bb		191.93±1.59Aa		187.04±1.50Ba		4.12±0.63Aa		4.08±0.72Aa		677.53±2.93Bb		500.87±2.71Ba

图1 多根葱叶片相对含水量和电导率在处理与对照间的变化不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。图2同。

Fig.1 Changes of leaf relative water content and electric conductivity between treatment and contrast of Allium polyrhizum Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level(P<0.05).The same as Fig.2.

图2 多根葱叶绿素含量在处理与对照间的变化

Fig.2 Chlorophyll content between treatment and contrast of Allium polyrhizum

表2 多根葱生物量及根冠比在处理与对照间的比较

Tab.2 Comparison of biomass and root-shoot ratio of Allium polyrhizum between the treatment and contrast

采样点 Sample plots	地上生物量/g Aboveground biomass		地下生物量/g Underground biomass		总生物量/g Total biomass		根冠比 Root-shoot ratio
采样点 Sample plots	对照CK	处理T	对照CK	处理T	对照CK	处理T	对照CK	处理T
四子王旗	1.47±0.12Aa	1.41±0.11Aa	0.75±0.05Aa	0.70±0.05Aa	2.22±0.18Aa	2.11±0.17Aa	0.51±0.04Aa	0.50±0.03Aa
Siziwang Banner
赤峰Chifeng	1.24±0.08Ca	0.99±0.07Cb	0.57±0.03Ba	0.35±0.02Bb	1.81±0.12Ca	1.34±0.09Cb	0.46±0.03Ba	0.35±0.02Ba
鄂尔多斯Ordos	1.32±0.08Ba	1.09±0.06Bb	0.59±0.03Ba	0.38±0.02Bb	1.91±0.13Ba	1.47±0.11Bb	0.45±0.03Ba	0.35±0.03Ba

图3 多根葱光合特性在对照与处理间的比较样地内不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05);样地间不同大写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。

Fig.3 Photosynthetic characteristics between the treatment and contrast of Allium polyrhizum Different lowercase letters in the plots indicate significant difference at 0.05 level; Different capital letters between the plots indicate significant difference at 0.05 level.

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