摘要： 在施N量为180 kg/km2条件下,研究了四种氮肥运筹方式N180(基∶12叶=1∶2),N180(基∶吐丝=1∶2),N180(8叶∶吐丝=2∶1),N180(8叶∶12叶=1∶1)对夏玉米产量及氮素利用的影响。结果表明,N180(基∶12叶=1∶2)处理千粒重大、空秆率低、产量高于其他处理,吐丝期后干物质和氮素积累迅速增加,氮肥利用率高。N180(基∶吐丝=1∶2)处理,吐丝期叶面积指数较小,前期干物质积累较少从而产量较低。N180(8叶∶12叶=2∶1)处理产量表现与N180(基∶吐丝=1∶2)处理基本相同,但氮肥利用率略高。N180(8叶∶12叶=1∶1)与其他处理相比穗粒数下降严重,产量显著低于其他处理,且干物质和氮素积累均较低,氮肥利用率最低。由此得出,在施N量为180 kg/km2条件下N180(基∶12叶=1∶2)产量及氮肥利用率协同提高,是一种较优的氮肥运筹方式。

关键词: 夏玉米, 氮肥运筹, 产量, 氮肥利用率

Abstract: "The effects of 4 different nitrogen fertilizer supply ways on growth and NUE in summer maize were studied under the rate of 180 kg/ ha,which were N180(basal∶ 12-leaf =1∶ 2),N180(basal∶ silking stage=1∶ 2),N180(8-leaf∶ silking stage=2∶ 1),N180(8-leaf∶ 12-leaf=1∶ 1).The results were that treatment of N180(basal∶ 12-leaf =1∶ 2)had the bigger 1000 Grain Weight,lower percentage of Plant without ear,higer yield than other treatments.Dry matter and nitrogen accumulated rapidly after silking stage in the treatment of N180(basal∶ 12-leaf =1∶ 2),so it achieved higher NUE.Due to the small LAI in the silking stage and small amount of dry matter accumulated in the early stage,yield of N180(basal∶ silking stage=1∶ 2)decreased.N180(8-leaf∶ silking stage=2∶ 1)was similar with N180(8-leaf∶ 12-leaf=1∶ 1)in the yield performance,and N180(8-leaf∶ silking stage=2∶ 1)had a higer NUE.Grain number per ear of N180(8-leaf∶ 12-leaf=1∶ 1)decreased distinctly than other treatments which resulted in decline of yield.Amount of dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in N180(8-leaf∶ 12-leaf=1∶ 1)were small hence low in the NUE.it can conclude that the treatment of N180(basal∶ 12-leaf =1∶ 2)that increase yield and NUE synchronously was a superior nitrogen fertilizer supply way. "

Key words: Summer, Maize nitrogen supply way, Grainyield, NUE

中图分类号: 

• S513