不同灌水下限及氮素形态配比对西兰花干物质分配、产量及品质的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20190961

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究不同灌水下限及氮素形态配比对西兰花干物质分配、产量及品质的影响，采用双因素随机区组设计，因素1为不同灌水下限，设3个梯度W1（田间最大持水量的80%）、W2（田间最大持水量的60%）、W3（田间最大持水量的40%）；因素2为不同氮素形态配比，设3个配比N1（NO₃^--N：NH₄⁺-N=10：0）、N2（NO₃^--N：NH₄⁺-N=7：3）、N3（NO₃^--N：NH₄⁺-N=5：5）。结果表明，在相同水分处理条件下，西兰花茎、花球干质量、经济产量、经济系数、Vc、水分利用效率和氮肥偏生产力均在N3处理时最高，但可溶性蛋白、硝酸盐、Cu含量最低；在相同氮素配比条件下，西兰花干质量（除花球干质量外）、产量、可溶性糖、水分利用效率和氮肥偏生产力随着灌水量的减少呈现先升高后降低的趋势，但可溶性蛋白含量降低；在N1和N2条件下，灌水量的减少显著降低了K、Ca、Mg含量，在N3条件下，W2处理的西兰花Ca、Mg含量显著高于W1和W3处理。综合分析表明，W2N3（灌水下限60%，NO₃^--N：NH₄⁺-N=5：5）处理为最优组合。

关键词: 西兰花, 氮素形态, 产量, 品质, 水分利用效率

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of different irrigation lower limit and nitrogen form ratio on the photosynthetic characteristics, yield and quality of broccoli.Two factor interaction design was adopted, among which factors were different irrigation limits and three gradients:W1 (80% water holding capacity), W2 (60% water holding capacity), W3 (40% water holding capacity);Second factor were the different ratio of nitrogen forms, and three gradients:N1(NO₃^--N:NH₄⁺-N=10:0), N2(NO₃^--N:NH₄⁺-N=7:3), N3(NO₃^--N:NH₄⁺-N=5:5). The results showed that under the same water treatment conditions,the dry weight of stem and bulb, economic yield, economic coefficient, V_C, WUE and NPP were the highest in N3 treatment.However, the contents of soluble protein, nitrate and Cu were the lowest;Under the same nitrogen ratio, the contents of dry matter weight (Except for flower ball dry weight), yield, soluble sugar, WUE and NPP in broccoli leaves increased first and then decreased with the decrease of irrigation,but the contents of soluble protein decreased in turn; Under the condition of N1 and N2, the decrease of irrigation volume significantly decreased the contents of K, Ca and Mg.Under the condition of N3, the content of Ca and Mg in broccoli treated by W2 was significantly higher than that in W1 and W3 treatments.Comprehensive analysis showed that W2N3 (lower irrigation limit 60%, NO₃^--N:NH₄⁺-N=5:5) treatment was the best combination.

Key words: Broccoli, Nitrogen form, Yield, Quality, Water use efficiency

中图分类号:

车旭升, 吕剑, 冯致, 张国斌, 秦启杰, 张辉, 金宁, 李金武, 罗建. 不同灌水下限及氮素形态配比对西兰花干物质分配、产量及品质的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2020, 35(5): 149-158. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190961.

CHE Xusheng, LÜ Jian, FENG Zhi, ZHANG Guobin, QIN Qijie, ZHANG Hui, JIN Ning, LI Jinwu, LUO Jian. Effects of Different Irrigation Lower Limit and Nitrogen Form Ratio on Dry Matter Distribution, Yield and Quality of Broccoli[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(5): 149-158. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190961.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2020/V35/I5/149

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