摘要： 为了揭示饲用苎麻对硒元素的吸收积累和转运特征，以中饲苎1号为试材，研究亚硒酸钠（Se（IV））和硒酸钠（Se（VI））及其不同浓度（水培：0，5，10，50，100 μmol/L；土培：0，0.9，1.5，2.7 mg/kg）和施用方式（叶面喷施和根施）对苎麻各器官生物量、硒含量、硒累积量以及利用率的影响。结果表明，苎麻硒含量为21.5~1 452.1 mg/kg，但当植株器官中硒含量超过457.8 mg/kg时，硒元素显著抑制植株的生长发育，最终造成死亡。水培试验中，当施用量为50，100 μmol/L时，Se（IV）和Se（VI）均造成植株毒害，显著降低苎麻幼苗叶片、根系和地上部总生物量；土壤栽培试验中，2.7 mg/kg Se（IV）及不同浓度Se（VI）处理均造成植株毒害。Se（IV）处理中苎麻叶片的硒含量最低，根系硒含量最高，Se（VI）处理中苎麻叶片硒含量最高，茎秆硒含量最低，其中Se（VI）处理中叶片硒含量是Se（IV）处理的10~15倍，Se（VI）处理中苎麻根系硒含量仅是Se（IV）处理的0.38~0.53倍，且Se（VI）处理中苎麻叶片硒积累量显著高于相同浓度条件下Se（IV）处理。与叶面喷施相比，根施显著提高苎麻茎秆和根系硒含量及其积累量，且根施处理中苎麻地上部硒积累量增加15.5%。因此，饲用苎麻为非聚硒植物，应根施亚硒酸钠从而增加植株硒含量，提高苎麻的饲用价值。

关键词: 饲用苎麻, 硒, 吸收, 转运

Abstract: The aim was to elucidate the response of feed ramie plants to Se. This paper mainly analyzes the effects of selenite (Se(IV)) and selenate (Se(VI)) supplement with different concentration on plant biomass, uptake and distribution of selenium (Se) in feed ramie grown under hydroponics condition (0, 5, 10, 50, 100 μmol/L) and soil cultivation in pot (0, 0.9, 1.5, 2.7 mg/kg) and explores the influence of different selenium application methods on plant biomass, uptake and distribution of selenium (Se) in feed ramie grown under hydroponics condition. The results showed that the Se content of ramie ranged from 21.5 mg/kg to 1 452.1 mg/kg. However, when the Se content in plant organs exceeded 457.8 mg/kg, selenium element was found to inhibit the growth and development of plants and resulted in death of plant. Both of Se (IV) and Se (VI) caused plant toxicity and significantly reduced the biomass of leaves, roots, and aboveground tissues of ramie plants in hydroponics condition when the dosage was 50 and 100 μmol/L and 2.7 mg/kg Se (IV) treatment and all of Se (VI) treatments caused plant toxicity in soil cultivation experiments. The Se concentration was the lowest in ramie leaves and was the highest in root under Se (IV) conditions; However, the Se concentration of ramie leaves were the highest in ramie leaves and was the lowest in stems under Se (VI) conditions. The Se concentration of leaves in Se (VI) treatment was 10-15 times higher than that in Se (IV) treatment while the Se concentration of roots in Se (VI) treatment was only 0.38-0.53 times of that in Se (IV) treatment, moreover, the selenium accumulation in ramie leaves in Se (VI) treatment was significantly higher than that in Se (IV) treatment under the same concentration. Compared with leaf spraying application, root application improved significantly the selenium content of stem, the selenium content and accumulation of root. The selenium accumulation of above ground tissue increased by 15.5% in root application. Therefore, feed ramie is not a Se accumulator species, sodium selenite should be applied with root application for ramie as a forage crop so that improve its forage value.

Key words: Feed ramie, Selenium, Absorption, Transshipment

中图分类号: 

• S143.7