不同氮效率芝麻品种苗期氮吸收转运与利用差异

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194322

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究芝麻苗期氮吸收、转运及利用规律,以2个氮效率差异芝麻品种郑芝HL05(ZZ,氮高效)和缅甸高产者(MD,氮低效)为材料,通过水培试验设置正常(CK,17.86 mmol/L)和低氮(LN,0.2 mmol/L)2个氮浓度处理,比较不同氮效率芝麻在根系形态、氮吸收转运利用、氮代谢指标及相关基因表达等方面的差异。结果表明,不同氮浓度处理下,氮高效品种ZZ的根系形态指标、生物量、氮积累量、氮代谢相关酶活性、根系氮利用效率总体上均高于MD。低氮胁迫显著降低了芝麻的生物量、氮积累量及叶片氮代谢相关酶活性,提高了植株的根系形态指标、根系活力、根冠比、氮生理利用效率、根系干物质利用效率和氮利用效率。其中,氮高效品种ZZ的生物量、氮积累量、转运系数、根系氮生理利用效率和氮利用效率分别是MD的2.48,1.08,1.73,2.36,2.65倍。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,低氮胁迫下,氮高效品种中,参与 $NO 3 -$ 吸收、转运和再分配的相关基因SiNPF6.3a/b、SiNPF4.6a、SiNRT2.4a/b、SiNRT2.5、SiNPF7.3a/b和SiNPF2.13在叶片中均上调表达,且基因的表达量均高于氮低效品种。综上所述,低氮胁迫下,氮高效芝麻品种苗期具有较为发达的根系和较高的氮素同化、转运及再分配能力,从而获得较高的氮素积累量和氮利用效率。

关键词: 芝麻, 苗期, 氮效率, 吸收转运, 利用

Abstract:

In order to explore the law of nitrogen absorption,transport and utilization of sesame at seedling stage,two sesame varieties with different nitrogen efficiency,including Zhengzhi HL05(ZZ,high efficiency)and Myanmar high yielder(MD,nitrogen inefficiency)were used as materials.The differences in root morphology,nitrogen absorption,transportation and utilization,nitrogen metabolism indices and related gene expressions involved were compared between the two accessions through hydroponics,under normal nitrogen(CK,17.86 mmol/L)and low nitrogen(LN,0.2 mmol/L)levels respectively.The results showed that under different nitrogen concentrations,the root morphological indexes,biomass,nitrogen accumulation,enzyme activities related to nitrogen metabolism and root nitrogen use efficiency of ZZ variety were higher than those of MD on the whole.Low nitrogen stress significantly decreased the biomass,nitrogen accumulation,and leaf nitrogen metabolism-related enzyme activities,increased root morphological indexes,root activity,root-shoot ratio,nitrogen physiological use efficiency,root dry matter use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency.Among them,the biomass,nitrogen accumulation,transport coefficient,root nitrogen physiological use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency of ZZ were 2.48,1.08,1.73,2.36 and 2.65 folds of MD,respectively.qRT-PCR results showed that under low nitrogen stress,SiNPF6.3a/b,SiNPF4.6a,SiNRT2.4a/b,SiNRT2.5,SiNPF7.3a/b and SiNPF2.13 genes involved in $NO 3 -$ absorption,transport and redistribution of the nitrogen efficient variety ZZ in leaves were up-regulated,and the gene expression levels were higher than those of the nitrogen inefficient variety MD.In Conclusion,under low nitrogen stress,nitrogen efficient sesame varieties had more developed roots and higher ability of nitrogen assimilation,transport and redistribution at seedling stage,so as to obtain higher nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen use efficiency.

Key words: Sesame, Seedling stage, Nitrogen efficiency, Absorption and transportation, Utilization

张鹏钰, 王东勇, 高桐梅, 苏小雨, 李丰, 戴晋, 田媛, 付锦州. 不同氮效率芝麻品种苗期氮吸收转运与利用差异[J]. 华北农学报, 2023, 38(6): 134-143. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194322.

ZHANG Pengyu, WANG Dongyong, GAO Tongmei, SU Xiaoyu, LI Feng, DAI Jin, TIAN Yuan, FU Jinzhou. Difference in Nitrogen Absorption,Transportation and Utilization of Sesame Varieties with Contrasting Nitrogen Efficiency at Seedling Stage[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(6): 134-143. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194322.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2023/V38/I6/134

图/表 9

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基因名称 Gene name	基因ID Gene ID	引物序列(5'—3') Primer sequence(5'—3')
基因名称 Gene name	基因ID Gene ID	前引物Forward primer	后引物Reverse primer
SiNRT2.5	LOC105156629	CTACCTATCATCCGAGACAACC	GTGCAGTGAGTAAAGTGAGAGA
SiNRT2.1	LOC105170268	AGACGATCGTTGGGCATAATAT	TGCATCCCACTATCATTATCCC
SiNRT2.4a	LOC105170269	GATGAGCACAATGTTCAACAGT	TTCATAAAGCACCGGCATTATC
SiNRT2.4b	LOC105170739	ATCTCGTTTTTCACCTGTTTCG	TTGGTGAGGTTCAGATTATCCC
SiNPF6.3a	LOC105155830	AATGGGGTTATGGAATTTGTGC	CACGAGTTTCTTGAAACGGTAG
SiNPF6.3b	LOC105164296	GAATAGCGGTGAATCTTGTCAC	AGTGCCAAGAAAATTCGTAACC
SiNPF4.6a	LOC105156563	AATACTCACAATACAAGCACGC	GTGCTCTCATCAAACTGTTCAG
SiNPF2.7a	LOC105170342	CATTTTTCTCATAGACCGGCTG	CCAAACGTGCTATTTTTAGCCT
SiNPF2.7b	LOC105170865	GGCAGGCAAGAACCCTACAT	CACTTGCCCCGCAAAATGAA
SiNPF7.3a	LOC105155943	TATGCTCAGAAAGATTGCAAGC	TAGACACCAGCAAGCTACTAAC
SiNPF7.3b	LOC105167169	GTGTCGATTTACCTAATTGCCC	CTTGAAATGCCTATACGTTGGG
SiNPF2.13	LOC105168154	GGTTTTGATCATTGCACTGACT	ATACACATACAATCTCGTCCCG

基因名称 Gene name	基因ID Gene ID	引物序列(5'—3') Primer sequence(5'—3')
基因名称 Gene name	基因ID Gene ID	前引物Forward primer	后引物Reverse primer
SiNRT2.5	LOC105156629	CTACCTATCATCCGAGACAACC	GTGCAGTGAGTAAAGTGAGAGA
SiNRT2.1	LOC105170268	AGACGATCGTTGGGCATAATAT	TGCATCCCACTATCATTATCCC
SiNRT2.4a	LOC105170269	GATGAGCACAATGTTCAACAGT	TTCATAAAGCACCGGCATTATC
SiNRT2.4b	LOC105170739	ATCTCGTTTTTCACCTGTTTCG	TTGGTGAGGTTCAGATTATCCC
SiNPF6.3a	LOC105155830	AATGGGGTTATGGAATTTGTGC	CACGAGTTTCTTGAAACGGTAG
SiNPF6.3b	LOC105164296	GAATAGCGGTGAATCTTGTCAC	AGTGCCAAGAAAATTCGTAACC
SiNPF4.6a	LOC105156563	AATACTCACAATACAAGCACGC	GTGCTCTCATCAAACTGTTCAG
SiNPF2.7a	LOC105170342	CATTTTTCTCATAGACCGGCTG	CCAAACGTGCTATTTTTAGCCT
SiNPF2.7b	LOC105170865	GGCAGGCAAGAACCCTACAT	CACTTGCCCCGCAAAATGAA
SiNPF7.3a	LOC105155943	TATGCTCAGAAAGATTGCAAGC	TAGACACCAGCAAGCTACTAAC
SiNPF7.3b	LOC105167169	GTGTCGATTTACCTAATTGCCC	CTTGAAATGCCTATACGTTGGG
SiNPF2.13	LOC105168154	GGTTTTGATCATTGCACTGACT	ATACACATACAATCTCGTCCCG

品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	生物量/(g/株) Biomass	地上部干质量/(g/株) Shoot dry weight	根干质量/(g/株) Root dry weight	根冠比 Root-shoot ratio
ZZ	CK	1.563±0.008a	1.318±0.008a	0.245±0.001a	0.186±0.002c
	LN	0.452±0.006c	0.358±0.007c	0.094±0.001b	0.263±0.001a
	LN/CK	0.29	0.27	0.38	1.41
MD	CK	0.697±0.022b	0.603±0.019b	0.064±0.001b	0.106±0.007c
	LN	0.182±0.009d	0.147±0.007d	0.035±0.003c	0.238±0.012b
	LN/CK	0.26	0.24	0.37	2.25

品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	生物量/(g/株) Biomass	地上部干质量/(g/株) Shoot dry weight	根干质量/(g/株) Root dry weight	根冠比 Root-shoot ratio
ZZ	CK	1.563±0.008a	1.318±0.008a	0.245±0.001a	0.186±0.002c
	LN	0.452±0.006c	0.358±0.007c	0.094±0.001b	0.263±0.001a
	LN/CK	0.29	0.27	0.38	1.41
MD	CK	0.697±0.022b	0.603±0.019b	0.064±0.001b	0.106±0.007c
	LN	0.182±0.009d	0.147±0.007d	0.035±0.003c	0.238±0.012b
	LN/CK	0.26	0.24	0.37	2.25

品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	总根长/cm Total root length	根表面积/cm² Root surface area	根体积/cm³ Root volume	根直径/mm Root diameter	侧根数/条 Lateral root number	根系活力/ (μg/(g·h)) Root activity
ZZ	CK	660.41±55.87c	66.95±6.33c	0.60±0.06c	0.32±0.00b	752.00±71.59c	1 156.39±40.71c
	LN	2 269.93±142.42a	275.43±14.32a	2.67±0.06a	0.38±0.02a	2 338.00±68.79a	3 211.92±127.86a
	LN/CK	3.44	4.11	4.45	1.19	3.11	2.78
MD	CK	533.23±28.51d	52.99±3.16d	0.40±0.03d	0.32±0.02b	459.00±12.17d	944.63±51.72d
	LN	1 771.35±116.36b	91.26±28.35b	1.54±0.28b	0.32±0.00b	1 797.67±67.04b	1 696.56±61.32b
	LN/CK	3.32	1.72	3.85	1.00	3.92	1.80

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