Effect of Micro-sprinkling Irrigation and Nitrogen Application Rate on Grain Filling and Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization in Winter Wheat

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2016.S1.001

Abstract

Abstract: In order to clarify the effects of micro-sprinkling irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer application rate on grain filling characteristics and nitrogen uptake and utilization of winter wheat,two years field experiment was carried out with the main cultivars of wheat variety Jimai 22 as materials. There were three nitrogen treatments(N1,45 kg/ha;N2,90 kg/ha;N3,135 kg/ha) under the condition of micro-sprinkling 4 times(S4,jointing stage+booting stage+flowering stage+grain filling stage) in this study,the integration of water and fertilizer technology was used,and flooding irrigation(CK,jointing stage+flowering stage,N 90 kg/ha at jointing stage) was designed as control. Grain yield,leaf chlorophyll content,dry matter accumulation in grain filling stage,nitrogen accumulation,distribution,translocation in different stages and nitrate nitrogen content in soil were investigated. The results showed that the grain yield was increased under the conditions of micro-sprinkling,especially in the S4N2 treatment,which increased by 10.5% to 24.5% as compared with CK. The increase in grain yield was mainly attributed to the significant increase in thousands grain weight. In 2013-2014 and 2014-2015,the thousands grain weight of S4N2 was increased by 3.47 g and 5.97 g as compared with CK. Micro-sprinkling significantly(P<0.05) increased grain filling duration,especially postponed the terminal time of grain peak filling period and thus extended the grain filling peak duration;at the same time,the theoretical maximum grain weight,maximum and average grain filling rates of S4N2 were significantly higher than other treatments. The content of chlorophyll in micro-sprinkling treatments were significantly higher than CK,and the leaf functional period was prolonged in micro-sprinkling,which promoted grain filling and dry matter accumulation in grain. Compared with flooding irrigation,micro-sprinkling treatments decreased the translocation of nitrogen pre-anthesis and its contribution to grain nitrogen but increased the contribution of post anthesis nitrogen to grain nitrogen,especially in stem and leaf. The grain nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen partial productivity,and nitrogen uptake index were also higher in micro-sprinkling treatment than in control,and the nitrogen fertilizer is mainly concentrated on 0-80 cm soil layer in winter wheat growing period under micro-sprinkling conditions,which reduced nitrate leaching to the deeper soil. Comprehensively,it was concluded that high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency can be realized under the optimal nitrogen application rate(90 kg/hm²) and multiple micro-sprinkling condition in winter wheat.

Key words: Winter wheat, Micro-sprinkling, Nitrogen application rate, Grain filling, Nitrogen accumulation, Soil nitrate nitrogen

CLC Number:

S365
S143.1

LI Jinpeng, WANG Zhimin, ZHANG Qi, XU Xuexin, WANG Yunqi, LIU Yang, ZHOU Shunli, ZHANG Yinghua. Effect of Micro-sprinkling Irrigation and Nitrogen Application Rate on Grain Filling and Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization in Winter Wheat[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2016, 31(S1): 1-10. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2016.S1.001.

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