Effects of Fertilizer Reduction Combined with Humic Acid Bio-fertilizer on Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and Yield of Kidney Bean

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194362

Abstract

Abstract:

By investigating the effects of chemical fertilizer reduction with humic acid bio-fertilizer on the carbon and nitrogen metabolic processes of kidney bean leaves,it provides a theoretical basis for the application of humic acid fertilizer for kidney beans in Northeast China.This trial was conducted at the Anda Experimental Base of Bayi Agricultural Reclamation University in Heilongjiang,using the kidney bean variety Baisak as the test material for two years of field trials in 2021 and 2022.There were six treatments:CF(conventional fertilizer application),RF(fertilizer reduction of 20%),RFH1(fertilizer reduction of 20%+45.0 kg/ha humic acid bio-fertilizer),RFH2(fertilizer reduction of 20%+67.5 kg/ha humic acid bio-fertilizer),RFH3(fertilizer reduction of 20%+90.0 kg/ha humic acid bio-fertilizer),RFH4(fertilizer reduction of 20%+112.5 kg/ha humic acid bio-fertilizer).The experiment was conducted to determine the indicators of carbon and nitrogen metabolism and their products throughout the reproductive period of kidney bean,and to determine the yield of kidney bean and its constituent factors at the harvesting stage.The activities of sucrose synthase(SS),sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS),acidic invertase(AI),neutral invertase(NI)in carbon metabolism and nitrate reductase(NR),nitrite reductase(NiR),glutamate synthase(GOGAT)and glutamine synthetase(GS)in nitrogen metabolism were analyzed by fertilizer reduction with humic acid bio-fertilizer,and the activities of carbon and nitrogen metabolites sucrose,soluble sugar,starch and soluble protein.To determine the effect of humic acid on the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of kidney bean.The results showed that the application of humic acid bio-fertilizer increased the activity of enzymes related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism in kidney bean leaves,increased the content of carbon and nitrogen metabolites and improved the yield of kidney bean compared with CF treatment.During the reproductive period,SS activity of RFH2 treatment was significantly increased by 9.5%—15.8% compared to CF treatment.RFH3 treatment significantly increased the SPS activity by 16.5%—38.1% compared to CF treatment.The AI activity of RFH3 treatment was significantly increased by 10.8%—25.5% compared to CF treatment.RFH2 treatment increased NI activity by 14.0%—32.1%.With the application of humic acid bio-fertilizer,NR and NiR activities were significantly increased by 22.6%—50.1% and 16.3%—19.8%,and GOGAT activities were significantly increased by 16.0%—35.7% in the RFH2 treatment compared to the CF treatment.RFH3 treatment significantly increased the GS activity by 14.5%—44.1% compared to CF treatment.Meanwhile,among the treatments with humic acid bio-fertilizer,RFH2 treatment significantly increased the carbon and nitrogen metabolites sucrose,soluble sugar,starch and soluble protein in kidney bean leaves by 7.6%—9.3%,14.1%—26.8%,6.7%—10.5% and 3.7%—8.8%,respectively and the starch content significanthy increased by 0.8—1.3 percentage points.In addition,the application of humic acid bio-fertilizer was able to increase the yield of kidney bean,with a significant increase of 24.8%(2021)and 21.5%(2022)in the RFH2 treatment compared to the CF treatment.The treatment of 20% reduction in conventional chemical fertilizer application with 67.5 kg/ha of humic acid bio-fertilizer(RFH2)could increase the activity of enzymes related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism in kidney bean leaves,increase the accumulation of carbon and nitrogen metabolites in leaves,and increase the yield of kidney bean.

Key words: Kidney bean, Fertilizer reduction, Humic acid bio-fertilizer, Carbon-nitrogen metabolism

KONG Deyong, XING Liwen, WEI Na, WANG Shiya, SUN Guangxu, LIU Ying, WANG Xinyi, GUO Wei, SUN Haiyan. Effects of Fertilizer Reduction Combined with Humic Acid Bio-fertilizer on Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and Yield of Kidney Bean[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(6): 144-155. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194362.

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Figures/Tables 7

Tab.1 Basic physical and chemical properties of cultivated soils

年份 Year	pH	有机质/(g/kg) Organic matter	碱解氮/(mg/kg) Alkaline N	有效磷/(mg/kg) Active P	速效钾/(mg/kg) Available K	容重/(g/cm³) Capacity
2021	8.08	28.9	175.0	60.3	214.0	1.47
2022	8.00	24.0	98.4	29.3	258.0	1.30

Tab.2 Experimental design and fertilizer dosage kg/hm²

处理 Treatments	磷酸二铵 Diammonium phosphate	硫酸钾 Potassium sulfate	腐植酸生物肥 Humic acid bio-fertilizer
CF	150.0	75.0	0.0
RF	120.0	60.0	0.0
RFH1	120.0	60.0	45.0
RFH2	120.0	60.0	67.5
RFH3	120.0	60.0	90.0
RFH4	120.0	60.0	112.5

Fig.1 Effect of chemical fertilizer reduction with humic acid bio-fertilizer on the activity of carbon metabolism enzymes Different small letters indicate significant(P<0.05)differences among treatments at the same period.The same as Fig.2—5.

Fig.2 Effect of fertilizer reduction with humic acid bio-fertilizer on carbon metabolites

Fig.3 Effect of chemical fertilizer reduction with humic acid bio-fertilizer on the activity of nitrogen metabolism enzyme

Fig.4 Effect of fertilizer reduction with humic acid bio-fertilizer on nitrogen metabolites

Fig.5 Effects of fertilizer reduction combined with humic acid bio-fertilizer on yield of kidney bean

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