Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Raw Grain Quality and Daqu Quality in Wheat-rice System

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192595

Abstract

Abstract: To clarify the effect of nitrogen application rate on the quality of wheat-rice system and Daqu quality in Sichuan Province.The experiment was started from 2019 to 2020 and carried out in Dayi County, Sichuan Province.The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design, with Mianmai 367 and Shumai 1671 as the main factor and the sub-plot was five nitrogen levels(0, 90, 135, 180 and 225 kg/ha), which were marked as N₀, N₉₀, N₁₃₅, N₁₈₀ and N₂₂₅, respectively.Except for N₀, the basal nitrogen level of other treatments was 45 kg/ha, and the remaining nitrogen was applied at single stage of four leaves.The results showed that the grain bulk density and opaque rate of the two varieties were higher than 750 g/L and 70%, respectively.Compared with other treatments, the hardness index of N₂₂₅ treatment was significantly increased and the opaque rate was reduced, and the 1000-grain weight of N₉₀ treatment was the highest.With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the protein content gradually increased(Shumai 1671)or first increased and then decreased(Mianmai 367).The wet gluten content and sedimentation value were the largest under 225 kg/ha treatment, and the starch content reached the maximum in N₁₃₅ treatment.With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the falling value and RVA characteristic value gradually increased or tended to be stable, whereas the fat content showed a downward trend.Compared with other treatments, the sensory evaluation, saccharifying power and acidity reached the highest at N₁₈₀, N₁₃₅ and N₁₃₅ treatment, respectively.The sensory evaluation was mainly affected by the content of starch and fat, followed by protein.The saccharifying power and acidity reached the maximum when the starch content was high.The results showed that grain starch content is particularly important for the formation of Daqu quality.Reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer can optimize the raw grain characteristics of weak gluten wheat and promote the suitability of Daqu production.In conclusion, it is suggested that the suitable nitrogen application range of rice stubble wheat used for Daqu production in Southwest China is 135-180 kg/ha.

Key words: Wheat-rice system, Nitrogen, Quality, Daqu

CLC Number:

S141.3

CHEN Yanqi, LIU Qiong, BIANBA Lamu, CHEN Songhe, ZHANG Heng, LI Chaosu, YANG Hongkun, ZHENG Ting, HUANG Xiulan, FAN Gaoqiong. Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Raw Grain Quality and Daqu Quality in Wheat-rice System[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(S1): 297-305. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192595.

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