Research on Protein Content and Glutelin Gene Expression in Tetroploid Rice

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192375

Abstract

Abstract: In order to explore the relationship between different genetic composition and quality of the high-yield tetraploid rice,and the reasons for the changes in protein content,the national high-quality varieties Meixiangzhan 2(MXZ2) and Xiangyaxiangzhan(XYXZ),Aijiaonante diploid(AJNT-2x),high-yield autotetraploid Aijiaonante(AJNT-4x),and neo-tetraploid Huaduo 1(H1) were used as the test materials. The endosperm protein content was determined by BCA method,the quality analysis was performed by the near-infrared grain analyzer,the amino acid content was determined by the automatic amino acid analyzer,and the expression difference of the glutelin genes was analyzed by qRT-PCR. The results were as follows:The protein contents of brown rice and polished rice of AJNT-4x were respectively for 182.70 and 115.70 mg/g,which was much higher than that of MXZ2,XYXZ,and AJNT-2x,and the nutritional quality of AJNT-4x was greatly enhanced;the gel consistency of AJNT-4x was only for 44.70 mm,which was much lower than that of MXZ2,XYXZ,and AJNT-2x,and the difference was significant,and eating quality of AJNT-4x was significantly reduced. The protein content of polished rice of H1 was the lowest of the samples,which was only for 71.30 mg/g,but its gel consistency was for 112.70 mm,which was between the national high-quality varieties MXZ2 and XYXZ.At 30 days after flowering, the total contents of 17 amino acids and essential amino acids of AJNT-4x were higher than those of AJNT-2x and H1,and which of H1 was the lowest;the total content of 17 amino acids for H1 reached a peak at 15 days after flowering,while the total content of 17 amino acids for AJNT-4x and AJNT-2x reached a peak at 20 days after flowering,the accumulation of amino acid content stopped prematurely in H1, which resulted the lowest total content of 17 amino acids in H1 at mature period.During the whole endosperm development process,the accumulation trend of the four storage proteins was basically the same in AJNT-4x,H1,and AJNT-2x,but there were differences in the rapid accumulation time;rapid accumulation of glutelin in AJNT-4x was earlier than that in AJNT-2x and H1,and the rapid accumulation time in AJNT-4x was longer than those in AJNT-2x and H1,which resulted in highest protein content in AJNT-4x. The nine glutelin subfamily genes were expressed at 5 days after flowering. With the development of the endosperm,the expression of each glutelin gene gradually increased,then gradually decreased and tended to stabilization. Different glutelin genes had different expression abundances at the same time;except the expression peaks of GluB-1 and GluB-4 were higher in H1 than those in AJNT-4x and AJNT-2x,the expression peaks of the other seven glutelin genes were much lower in H1 than those in AJNT-4x and AJNT-2x,and the difference was significant;the expression quantities of nine glutelin genes in AJNT-4x were all the highest in the three materials at 30 days after flowering. The above results provided a theoretical basis for high-quality breeding of rice polyploidy.

Key words: Rice, Tetraploid, Endosperm protein, Glutelin gene

CLC Number:

Q78
S511.03

LONG Yanxi, LUO Yanru, ZHU Zhenghang, LIAO Zhiyi, WANG Lan. Research on Protein Content and Glutelin Gene Expression in Tetroploid Rice[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(6): 78-87. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192375.

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