Study on Yield, Growth and Development and Leaf Physiological Characteristics of Maize under Optimized Cultivation Pattern in Semi-arid Area

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20191821

Abstract

Abstract: In order to systematically study the physiological response mechanism of maize to different cultivation patterns in semi-arid area, and provide effective cultivation patterns for western semi-arid area of Jilin Province. Field experiments were conducted to set up three cultivation patterns:control pattern (CK), farmers' habit pattern (T1) and optimized cultivation pattern (T2). The effects of cultivation pattern on yield formation, growth and development, leaf physiological characteristics and resource utilization of maize were studied. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation of T2 treatment significantly increased at mature stage (R6) (P<0.05), leaf area index (LAI) significantly increased at R3 and R6 stages (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in plant height between T1 and T2 treatment (P>0.05), but the plant height of T2 treatment was higher than that of T1 treatment. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and apparent mesophyll conductance (AMC) of T2 treatment increased significantly compared with CK and T1 treatments at R1 and R3 stages (P<0.05), while stomatal limit value (Ls) decreased significantly at R3 stage (P<0.05). The maximum photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm), actual photosynthetic efficiency (ΦPSⅡ), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and electron transfer efficiency (ETR) of photosystem Ⅱ increased significantly at R3 stage (P<0.05). The activities of glutamine synthetase (GS) of T2 treatments were significantly higher than that of CK and T1 treatments at R3 stage (P<0.05), and the activities of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) were significantly lower than that of CK and T1 treatments (P<0.05). The yield, grain number per ear, 100-grain weight, light use efficiency, water use efficiency and fertilizer use efficiency of T2 treatment were significantly higher than those of CK and T1 treatment (P<0.05). According to the comprehensive analysis, the yield, growth and development, resource utilization efficiency, photosynthetic physiological characteristics and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities of maize in semi-arid area were better by using the optimized cultivation pattern (T2 treatment). This cultivation pattern was more suitable to be popularized and applied as an optimized cultivation pattern of maize in semi-arid area of western Jilin Province compared with the traditional farmer pattern.

Key words: Maize, Cultivation pattern, Growth and development, Physiological characteristics, Yield, Semi-arid region

CLC Number:

S311
S513.01

XU Chen, BIAN Shaofeng, ZHAO Hongxiang, ZHANG Lihua, YAN Weiping, LI Yanlu, WANG Junpeng, ZHANG Zhian. Study on Yield, Growth and Development and Leaf Physiological Characteristics of Maize under Optimized Cultivation Pattern in Semi-arid Area[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(3): 105-114. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191821.

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