Diversity Structure Analysis and Main Agronomic Traits Change of Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica in Northern China Based on SNPs

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2018.02.002

Abstract

Abstract: To explore the effects of the breeding theories of shaping ideotype and utilizing indica-japonica subspecies hybridization on genetic structure,yield components,physiological and morphological characteristics of modern japonica rice cultivars and high-yielding breeding in Northern China. We used three groups,which was modern breeding phase japonica, early breeding phase japonica, and exotic japonica from different breeding periods in Northern China as materials,and selected 189 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) to characterize the diversity,population structure and main agronomic traits of three breeding groups. The results showed that modern breeding phase japonica had separated from typical japonica and the genetic diversity index on functional gene level was extremely lower than early breeding phase japonica and exotic japonica group,and had formed independent genetic structure,through introgression from other gene resources with the breeding selection of backcross or composite cross and natural selection. Compared with early breeding phase japonica and exotic japonica, the yield of modern japonica increased 38.13%(difference was extremely significant) and 11.12%,respectively. The main reasons of high yield are the improvement of plant type which increased efficiency of light energy utilization and the change of yield compositions which increased number of group spikelets. The characteristics were as follows:leaves became shorter and wider,panicle became shorter and erecter,spikelets per panicles increased 20%,and seed setting rate increased 6%-10%. This study analyzed the influence of breeding behavior on genetic diversity and population structure and main agronomic characters of japonica rice in Northern China,and provided reference for breeding work.

Key words: Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica in Northern China, Functional SNPs loci, Genetic diversity, Genetic structure, Yield

CLC Number:

S511.03

GAO Hong, XU Quan, WANG Jiayu, ZHONG Ming, XU Zhengjin, SUI Guomin. Diversity Structure Analysis and Main Agronomic Traits Change of Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica in Northern China Based on SNPs[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2018, 33(2): 8-13. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2018.02.002.

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