Abstract: This paper reports the cytoembrological studies on the form of anther and pollen development of male sterile and fertile barley. Conclusions are as follows;1.There are some obvious differences in the anther outer forms between the male fertile and sterile barley. The main difference lies in the basal part of sterile anther which becomes halberd shape and thin and small in florscence.2.The pollen development of fertile barley is similar to the general development rule of Gramineae, but the sterile can not develop to 2 celled stage, and they quickly disintegrate to form the "unpollen type". There are several unusual phenomena in the development process of the microspore and male gametocyte of the sterile pollen:(1)The genesis is unusual in the early stage.(2)The tapetum degenerates too early.(3)If the tapetum degenerate later, the microspore can develop to 2-celled stage, but microspore has poor contents and crooked formation.3 .The development of fertile anther wall is normal and similar to the monocotyledonous type, and the tapetum degenerated completely until 2-celled stages while the development of the male sterile anther wall is abnormal, which mainly embody in the tapetum degenerating too early or the anther wall differentiating imperfectly.

Key words: Barley, Male sterility, Male fertility, Anther, Pollen, Cytology