氮钾配施和栽插密度对甘薯干物质积累及产量形成的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7091.2012.z1.063

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以兼用型甘薯品种苏薯15号为材料，采用田间小区试验，研究了不同栽插密度与氮、钾肥配施对甘薯产量和干物质积累的影响。结果表明:不同的氮、钾肥施用量和栽插密度对甘薯干物质积累和经济产量的形成有较大影响。薯干产量与干物率、基部分枝数呈显著正相关，与蔓薯比呈极显著负相关，与茎粗呈显著负相关；薯块干物率与最长蔓长、茎粗、基部分枝数都呈负相关关系，其中与茎粗呈极显著负相关。供试18种处理组合中低氮低钾低密度处理经济产量最高，蔓薯比最佳；在对块根干物质积累的影响效应中，施钾量>；栽插密度>；施氮量，且施钾量和栽插密度有显著的互作效应；施氮量和栽插密度是影响地上部干物质积累的主要因素。因此，生产中保持合理的栽插密度是获得高产的基本条件，欲通过增加栽插密度来获取超高产的可能性不大。从本试验来看，纯氮120 kg/hm²、K₂O180 kg/hm²与栽插密度4.95×10⁴株/hm²的肥密组合有利于苏薯15号发挥其高产潜力。

关键词: 甘薯, 氮钾配施, 栽插密度, 干物质积累, 产量

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to study the effects and their interaction of different planting density and N， K fertilizer application amount on yield and dry matter accumulation of sweetpotato Sushu 15． The resultsshow that dry matter accumulation and economic yield are significantly impacted by different amount of N， K andplanting density and their interaction． Yields of dry matter had significant positive correlation with dry matter content， or number of base branches， and had extremely significant negative correlation with the rate of top and root， andhad significant negative correlation with stem diameter． Dry matter content of storage roots had negative correlationwith length of the longest vine， number of base branches， and had significant negative correlation with stem diameter． In 18 experiment treatments， the highly economic yield appeared in treatment of A1 B1 C1 ， and had the optimalrate of top and root． The effect of each factor on dry matter accumulation of storage roots was K fertilizer ＞ plantingdensity ＞ N fertilizer， K fertilizer and planting density had significantly interaction effect; N fertilizer and planting density were mostly influence factor on dry matter accumulation of stems and leaves． Therefore， the basic conditions of obtained high yield were to maintain a reasonable planting density in sweetpotato production， it was unlikely to achievesuper-high yield by increase planting density． Under the experiment condition， the combination of N 120 kg /ha² K₂O180 kg /ha and 4． 95 × 10⁴ plant /ha is favorable for high economic yield of Sushu 15．

Key words: Sweetpotato, N and K fertilizer ratio, Transplanting density, Dry matter accumulation, Yield

中图分类号:

S531

JIA Zhao-dong, MA Pei-yong, BIAN Xiao-feng, GUO Xiao-ding, XIE Yi-zhi. The Effects of Different N and K Fertilizer Ratio and Planting Density on Yield and Dry Matter Accumulation of Sweetpotato[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7091.2012.z1.063.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2012/V27/IS1/320

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