摘要： 利用1980年建立的黄潮土肥料长期定位试验,研究了长期不施磷肥对甘薯产量与品质的影响。结果表明,长期不施磷肥,土壤严重缺磷,致使薯块膨大期迟后、日增重减少,鲜薯产量显著下降(P<0.05);与施磷处理相比,不施磷处理薯块干率、淀粉率及蛋白质含量下降不明显(P>0.05)。长期不施磷显著提高薯块可溶性糖和还原糖含量(P<0.05),并导致甘薯淀粉粘滞力显著降低(P<0.05);在长期不施磷肥条件下,不同甘薯品种的产量反应存在显著差异,以此筛选出高耐低磷力品种徐薯18、磷高效型品种徐薯27和磷敏感型品种苏渝303,可为品种选育、种质创新和生产应用提供材料。

关键词: 定位试验, 磷肥, 甘薯, 产量与品质

Abstract: The effects of long-term non-P fertilizer on yield and quality in sweetpotato were studied in long-term stationary field experiment,which was established in 1980 in yellow fluvo-aquic soil.The results showed that long-term non P fertilizer treatment would delay the swelling period of sweetpotato storage root and reduce daily output,so as to caused the drop of fresh root yield(P0.05).Compared with application of P fertilizer,the dry matter and starch and protein content of sweetpotato storage root had no obvious decrease(P0.05).The content of soluble sugar and reducing sugar ware markly improued by long-term non-P treatment(P0.05),and the viscosity of sweetpotato starch had evident drop.There were differences in yield response of different sweetpotato varieties under the long-term non-P fertilizer,and Xushu18 with high endurance of low-P stress and Xushu27 with high P efficiency,and Suyu303 with K sensitive were selected preliminary,it provides useful materials for breeding and production of sweetpotato.

Key words: Stationary experiment, P fertilizer, Sweetpotato, Yield and quality

中图分类号: 

• S143.2