氮磷配施和施肥方式对潮土Olsen-P和小麦磷吸收的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20191575

华北农学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 152-158. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191575

所属专题： 小麦；土壤肥料；热点文章；

• 资源环境·植物保护 • 上一篇下一篇

氮磷配施和施肥方式对潮土Olsen-P和小麦磷吸收的影响

苏同庆^1,3, 邢璐^2,3, 王火焰^3,4, 周健民³

1. 南宁师范大学, 北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室, 广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室, 广西南宁 530001;
2. 金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司, 山东临沭 276700;
3. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 江苏南京 210008;
4. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2020-07-17 出版日期:2021-02-28
通讯作者: 王火焰(1971-),男,安徽怀宁人,研究员,博士,博士生导师,主要从事土壤养分迁移转化、高效施肥理论与技术等研究。
作者简介:苏同庆(1982-),男,河北大城人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事土壤肥力、土壤生态研究。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0200901）；国家自然科学基金项目（31960238）；广西科技基地和人才专项项目（桂科AD19245103）；广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目（2019KY0421）；北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室（南宁师范大学）和广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室（南宁师范大学）系统基金项目（GTEU-KLOP-X1813）

The Impacts of Nitrogen Combined with Phosphorus and Application Methods on Olsen-P and Phosphorus Uptake of Wheat in Fluvo-aquic Soil

SU Tongqing^1,3, XING Lu^2,3, WANG Huoyan^3,4, ZHOU Jianmin³

1. Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Environment Change and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China;
2. Kingenta Ecological Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Linshu 276700, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2020-07-17 Published:2021-02-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究磷肥与氮肥配施及施肥方式对磷肥利用率和作物产量的影响，通过温室盆栽试验，在石灰性潮土上种植小麦，探讨了磷酸二氢钙（P1）和磷酸氢二铵（P2）配施尿素（N1）与硫酸铵（N2）在全土混施（A），垂直方向距土壤表层5 cm、水平方向距小麦根系0 cm条施（B），垂直方向距土壤表层5 cm、水平方向距小麦12 cm条施（C）3种根系施肥方式下土壤Olsen-P和小麦磷吸收情况。结果表明，磷酸二氢钙（P1）处理施肥点pH值降低较磷酸氢二铵（P2）更为强烈，Olsen-P含量更高，配施硫酸铵（P1N2：219.62 mg/kg）较配施尿素（P1N1：154.05 mg/kg）增强了Olsen-P含量的提高。在小麦生长发育方面，施用磷酸氢二铵P2的效果优于磷酸二氢钙（P1），肥料在一定土层深度施用优于全土混施，但在土面下5 cm根下施用与距根12 cm施用没有显著差异。上述结果表明，对于潮土-小麦种植季，磷酸氢二铵（P2）比磷酸二氢钙（P1）更有优势，且地表土层下5 cm深度集中施用比撒施、表层土混施更为合适，这为提高潮土磷肥利用率及小麦产量提供了施肥参考。

关键词: 小麦, 磷肥, 氮肥, 施肥方式, 潮土

Abstract: To understand the effects of combined application and fertilization methods on utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer and crop yield, wheat was planted in calcareous fluvo-aquic soil through the potting experiment and the content of soil Olsen-P and phosphorus uptake of wheat were investigated. The mixed application was calcium dihydrogen phosphate(P1) and diammonium hydrogen phosphate(P2) combined with urea(N1) and ammonium sulfate(N2). The three different fertilizer methods included:(A) in the whole soil pot;(B) strip application with a vertical distance of 5 cm from the soil surface and a horizontal distance of 0 cm from the root system of wheat;and(C) strip application with a vertical distance of 5 cm from the soil surface and a horizontal distance of 12 cm from the root system of wheat. The results showed that the decrease of pH at the fertilization point of P1 treatment was more intense than that of P2 and the content of Olsen-P was higher, and the application of N2(P1N2:219.62 mg/kg) enhanced the increase of Olsen-P content in soil compared with the application of N1(P1N1:154.05 mg/kg). For wheat growth and development, the application of P2 was better than P1, and the application of fertilizer at a certain soil depth was better than the mixed application in the whole soil pot, but the application at 5 cm depth under root and 12 cm far from root had no significant differences. This study demonstrated that, for the fluvo-aquic soil-wheat growing season, P2 was more advantageous than P1, and it was more appropriate to apply concentrated application at a depth of 5 cm below the surface soil layer than to spread and mixed the surface soil, which provided fertilization reference for increasing phosphate utilization efficiency and wheat yield in fluvo-aquic soil.

Key words: Wheat, Phosphate fertilizer, Nitrogen fertilizer, Application methods, Fluvo-aquic soil

中图分类号:

S512.1
S143

苏同庆, 邢璐, 王火焰, 周健民. 氮磷配施和施肥方式对潮土Olsen-P和小麦磷吸收的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2021, 36(1): 152-158. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191575.

SU Tongqing, XING Lu, WANG Huoyan, ZHOU Jianmin. The Impacts of Nitrogen Combined with Phosphorus and Application Methods on Olsen-P and Phosphorus Uptake of Wheat in Fluvo-aquic Soil[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(1): 152-158. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191575.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2021/V36/I1/152

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氮磷配施和施肥方式对潮土Olsen-P和小麦磷吸收的影响

The Impacts of Nitrogen Combined with Phosphorus and Application Methods on Olsen-P and Phosphorus Uptake of Wheat in Fluvo-aquic Soil

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