摘要： 采用Griffing方法Ⅰ，利用6×6完全双列杂交对旱地冬小麦主要性状的配合力、反交效应和遗传规律进行了研究。结果表明，研究的8个性状中，株高、主穗长、千粒重、单株重的一般配合力、特殊配合力和反交效应方差达显着或极显着水平；穗下节长、成穗率的一般配合力和反交效应方差达显着差异，穗粒数仅反交效应方差达显着水平，而结实小穗三种方差均不显着.大多数性状的遗传背景是加性基因效应占优势；旱地小麦农艺性状具有较高的遗传力，而产量性状具有较低的遗传力。

关键词: 旱地, 冬小麦, 配合力, 遗传力

Abstract: Griffing′s method I and 6×6 diallel cross were employed to study the combining ability, reciprocal effects and genetic law of the major characters of winter wheat growing on dryland. The results showed that general combining ability, special combining ability and reciprocal effects of plant height, length of main ear, 1000 grain weight, weight per plant within all the 8 characters studied were significant or high significant difference. The general combining ability and reciprocal effects of the length of ear stem and the rate of efficient ear were significant difference. The reciprocal effect of grains per ear was signficant difference. All three effects of fertile spikelet were not significant. The genetic background for much of characters was dominated by additive genetic effects. The agronomic characters of wheat growing on dryland have high hereditary capacity, while yield characters of that have low hereditary capacity.

Key words: Winter wheat growing on dryland, Combining ability, Hereditary capacity