水分和种植密度对棉花氮素积累分配及产量的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192298

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨水分和种植密度对棉花氮素利用效率的影响，于2019－2020年河北农业大学清苑试验站进行大田试验，以农大棉601为试验材料，采取两因素裂区设计，主区为水分处理：W1（土壤相对含水量60%～70%）和W2（土壤相对含水量40%～50%），副区为种植密度：D6（6万株/hm²）、D9（9万株/hm²）和D12（12万株/hm²），对不同水分和种植密度下棉株各器官氮素积累分配及产量进行测定。结果表明：不同水分处理下，D12植株氮素总积累量和生殖器官氮素积累量最高，年际间趋势一致，与W2相比，W1生殖器官氮素积累量和氮素积累总量显著升高，但不同水分处理间生殖器官氮素分配比例无显著差异。随种植密度增加，籽棉产量随之升高，同一密度处理下，2019年W2籽棉产量相较于W1降低了13.74%，2020年W2籽棉产量仅降低了2.54%。通过相关性分析得出，棉株氮素积累分配与棉花籽棉产量和单位面积铃数呈显著正相关。因此表明，减少灌水量配合适当增加种植密度（9～12万株/hm²）是当地节水高产及提高棉花氮素吸收量的有效途径。

关键词: 棉花, 节水, 产量, 种植密度, 氮素积累

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of water and planting density on nitrogen use efficiency of cotton, a field experiments was carried out in Qingyuan Experimental Station of Agricultural University of Hebei between 2019 and 2020. Nongdamian 601 was taken as the experimental material, and two-factor split zone experiment was adopted, with water treatment as the main area:W1(60%-70% soil relative water content) and W2(40%-50% soil relative water content), the secondary areas were planting densities D6(60 000 plants/ha), D9(90 000 plants/ha) and D12(120 000 plants/ha). The nitrogen accumulation, distribution and yield of cotton organs under different water and planting densities were measured.The results showed as follows:Under different water treatments, the total nitrogen accumulation and reproductive organs in cotton was the highest under high density condition, and the trend was consistent during the two years. Compared with the drought treatment, the nitrogen accumulation and total nitrogen accumulation in the reproductive organs of the control group were significantly increased, but there was no significant difference in the proportion of nitrogen distribution in the reproductive organs among different water treatments. The yield of seed cotton increased with the increase of planting density.Under the same density treatment, the seed cotton yield under the drought condition in 2019 was 13.74% lower than that of the control group, and the seed cotton yield under the drought condition in 2020 was only 2.54% lower.Correlation analysis showed that the accumulation and distribution of nitrogen in various organs of cotton were significantly positively correlated with the yield of seed cotton and boll number per unit area.In conclusion, reducing irrigation amount and increasing planting density(90 000-120 000 plants/ha) are effective ways to save water and increase nitrogen uptake in local cotton.

Key words: Cotton, Water saving, Yield, Plant density, Nitrogen accumulation

中图分类号:

S562
S143

肖振雷, 李慧, 刘连涛, 张永江, 白志英, 张科, 孙红春, 李存东. 水分和种植密度对棉花氮素积累分配及产量的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2021, 36(4): 132-138. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192298.

XIAO Zhenlei, LI Hui, LIU Liantao, ZHANG Yongjiang, BAI Zhiying, ZHANG Ke, SUN Hongchun, LI Cundong. Effects of Water and Planting Density on Nitrogen Accumulation, Distribution and Yield of Cotton[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(4): 132-138. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192298.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2021/V36/I4/132

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