浓香型稻茬烤烟生长和物质积累与养分利用效率

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192139

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解浓香型稻茬烤烟的生长和干物质积累与养分利用效率，采用典型案例分析方法，于2019年在湖南省浓香型烟区的郴州市桂阳县和衡阳市耒阳市分别选取适产水平（2 250~2 700 kg/hm²）和丰产水平（2 700~3 150 kg/hm²）的2种典型烟田作为案例，分析了不同时期的烤烟农艺性状指标、叶面积指数、根系形态指标差异，以及烤烟干物质积累与分配、养分积累与分配、养分利用效率。结果表明：丰产水平较适产水平烤烟地上部生长发育好，根系发达，干物质和氮、磷、钾养分积累多，氮、磷、钾肥利用效率高；但适产水平的氮、磷、钾养分在烟叶中分配比例大，氮、磷、钾养分收获指数高。耒阳烟区烤烟植株高大，茎粗、根粗、根与茎的干物质和养分积累多；桂阳烟区烤烟叶片面积大，侧根多，烟叶干物质和养分积累多。稻茬烤烟生产中，要针对稻茬烤烟土块大和低温阴雨天气，熟化土壤，培育壮苗，提高移栽质量，为烤烟根系生长创造一个良好的土壤环境，促进烤烟早生快发。

关键词: 浓香型稻茬烤烟, 生长, 干物质积累, 养分利用效率, 案例研究

Abstract: In order to investigate the growth, dry matter accumulation and nutrient use efficiency of rich flavor style flue-cured tobacco in Hunan paddy-tobacco, case study methods were carried out in two typical paddy-tobacco fields, suitable yield level(2 250-2 700 kg/ha) and high yield level(2 700-3 150 kg/ha), in Chenzhou Guiyang County and Hengyang Leiyang of Hunan Province in 2019. The differences in agronomic traits, leaf area index, root morphology, dry matter accumulation and distribution, nutrient accumulation and distribution, and nutrient utilization efficiency of flue-cured tobacco in different periods were analyzed. The results showed that:The above-ground part of flue-cured tobacco grown well at high yield level, the root system was well developed, the dry matter and N, P, K nutrients accumulated much, the utilization efficiency of N, P, K fertilizer was high, but the proportion of N, P, K nutrients in flue-cured tobacco leaves at suitable yield level was large, N, P, K nutrient harvest index was high. Flue-cured tobacco plants in Leiyang were tall, thick stems, thick roots, the dry matter and nutrient accumulation in roots and stems were higher;The leaf area of flue-cured tobacco in Guiyang County was large, many lateral roots, and the dry matter and nutrition of flue-cured tobacco were more accumulated. In the production of flue-cured tobacco of rice-tobacco rotation, in view of large soil masses and low temperature and rainy weather, it is necessary to mature the soil, cultivate strong seedlings, improve the quality of transplanting, create a good soil environment for the root growth of flue-cured tobacco, and promote the early growth and rapid development of flue-cured tobacco.

Key words: Rich flavor style paddy-tobacco, Growth, Dry matter accumulation, Nutrient utilization efficiency, Case study method

中图分类号:

S572.01

何铭钰, 肖汉乾, 邓小华, 李良勇, 李武进, 周孚美, 陈治锋, 肖艳松, 黄琼慧, 黄杰. 浓香型稻茬烤烟生长和物质积累与养分利用效率[J]. 华北农学报, 2021, 36(4): 139-146. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192139.

HE Mingyu, XIAO Hanqian, DENG Xiaohua, LI Liangyong, LI Wujin, ZHOU Fumei, CHEN Zhifeng, XIAO Yansong, HUANG Qionghui, HUANG Jie. Growth and Dry Matter Accumulation and Nutrient Utilization Efficiency of Rich Flavor Style Paddy-tobacco[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(4): 139-146. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192139.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2021/V36/I4/139

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