摘要： 为明确缺磷对甘薯前期根系发育及养分吸收的影响，以鲜食型甘薯品种烟薯25为试验材料，设置缺磷（P0）和正常供磷（P1）2个处理，通过砂砾培养的方法，研究缺磷条件下甘薯根系发育特征及对养分吸收的影响。结果表明，缺磷胁迫会抑制甘薯地上部和地下部生长，使地上和地下部生物量下降；随着培养时间的延长，缺磷胁迫下甘薯根的总表面积、根系总体积、根尖数、平均直径均呈现增加的趋势，但其根系活力下降，根系总体积和总生物量均显著低于正常供磷处理；缺磷胁迫可显著促进甘薯根系对氮、钾、钙、锰、铜元素的吸收，降低根系对镁、铁元素的吸收，使甘薯地上部氮、钾、镁、锰、铜含量升高，钙、铁元素含量下降。综合以上试验结果，缺磷胁迫使甘薯地上和地下部的生长发育受阻，但甘薯通过调节根系构型等根系发育参数来适应缺磷环境，缓解缺磷胁迫对根系营养元素吸收带来的影响。

关键词: 甘薯, 缺磷胁迫, 根系发育, 根系活力, 养分吸收

Abstract: In order to clarify the effect of phosphorus deficiency on root development and nutrient uptake of sweet potato.The sweet potato named Yanshu 25 was used as the experimental material,two treatments of phosphorus deficiency (P0) and normal phosphorus supply (P1) was set up,the growth characteristics and nutrient uptake of sweet potato roots under phosphorus deficiency were studied by gravel culture.The results showed that P deficiency could inhibit the growth of shoots and root parts of sweet potato and reduce the shoot and root biomass.Compared with normal phosphate,the total surface area,total root volume,the number of root tips and average diameter of sweet potato root increased with the prolongation of culture time,but its root activity decreased,total volume and total biomass were significantly lower than those of normal supply phosphorus treatment; Phosphorus deficiency could significantly increased the absorption of N,K,Ca,Mn,Cu in sweet potato root system,decreased the absorption of Mg,Fe in root system,while the N,K,Mg,Mn,Cu content increased and the Ca,Fe content decreased in shoot.Based on the above test results,phosphorus deficiency caused the growth and development of sweet potato ground and underground,but the sweet potato adapt to the lack of phosphorus environment by adjusting the root system and other root developmental parameters,so as to alleviate the effect of phosphorus deficiency on root nutrient uptake.

Key words: Sweet potato, Phosphorus deficiency stress, Root development, Root activity, Nutrient absorption

中图分类号: 

• S143.2