摘要： 为探索旱地荞麦生产的施肥培肥技术，在晋中地区研究了不同氮磷配比对苦荞农艺性状、干物重、籽粒产量及水肥利用率的影响。结果表明，在施用有机肥的基础上，通过增施氮磷肥能有效地改善苦荞的农艺性状，提高干物重、籽粒产量和水分利用率，且这些参数基本上呈现出随氮肥施用量增大而增大的趋势；对于磷肥，在低氮水平下（N1），随着施磷量的提升，产量增幅明显，且氮肥利用率提高明显，表明磷肥对氮肥利用有促进作用，而在中氮（N2）和高氮（N3）水平下，产量和水分利用率随施磷量的提升呈现出先增加后减少的趋势。综合比较，单施有机肥在当季的荞麦生产中没有取得较好的增产效果，而在高氮中磷（N3P2）处理下效果最好，不仅产量最高（2 350.5 kg/hm²），而且水分利用效率最高（0.814 kg/hm²）。

关键词: 氮肥, 磷肥, 苦荞, 产量, 水分利用率, 肥料利用率

Abstract: To explore the technique of fertilization on the dryland tatary buckwheat production,the experiment was carried out in the middle region of Shanxi Province to study the effect of different rations of nitrogen and phosphate on agronomy character,dry matter,yield,FUE and WUE.The results showed that,on the foundation of applying organic fertilizer,adding nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer can effectively improve the agronomy character and increase dry matter,yield and WUE,which increased with the growth of nitrogen fertilizer applying.For phosphate fertilizer,under low level nitrogen applying level (N1),the phosphate fertilizer promoted the use of nitrogen fertilizer,as the yield and NUE increased significantly with the growing amount of phosphate fertilizer.While under middle (N2) and high (N3) nitrogen applying level,yield and WUE showed the tendency of decreasing after an initial increasing with the growth of phosphate fertilizer applying.By comprehensive comparison,applying only organic fertilizer didn't show well yield improvement effect.The treatment of applying high level of nitrogen and middle level of phosphate (N3P2) achieved the best result,with the highest yield (2 350.5 kg/ha) and WUE (0.814 kg/ha).

Key words: Nitrogen fertilizer, Phosphate fertilizer, Tatary buckwheat, Yield, WUE, NUE

中图分类号: 

• S517

• S143.1

• S143.2