摘要： 以郑单958、先玉335和中单909这3个主栽夏玉米品种为材料,研究了5个密度梯度下三品种的产量、产量性状、叶面积指数、叶面积持续期及与密度的相关性。结果表明:在6~9万株⁄hm2密度内,随密度的增加,穗长、穗粒数、百粒质量和穗重呈降低趋势;群体的叶面积指数和叶面积持续期增大,与密度呈正相关关系,密度的增加提高了群体的光合能力;产量方面以先玉335平均产量最高,其次为中单909,郑单958最低。郑单958和先玉335的产量和密度呈线性关系,中单909的产量呈先升后降趋势,符合二次曲线关系。郑单958产量与叶面积指数和叶面积持续期的回归关系好,斜率最大,随密度增加产量增加幅度较大,穗性状降低的幅度小,耐密性好;先玉335和中单909的产量与叶面积指数和叶面积持续期回归斜率小于郑单958,先玉335随密度的增加产量增加幅度小,适合相对稀植;中单909的适密范围在8.56万株⁄hm2左右。因此,应根据品种的特性进行合理密植,才能充分发挥品种的光合特性,提高作物产量。
关键词:
种植密度,
夏玉米,
产量,
产量性状,
群体光合特性,
相关性
Abstract: In this study by using three widely-ultivated summer corn varieties (Zhengdan 958,Xianyu 335 and Zhongdan 909),the leaf area index(LAI),leaf area duration(LAD),yield and yield traits responses to planting density were studied under five density levels. The results indicated that:in the range of 6-9×104 plants/ha , the spike lengths, number of grains per spike,100-kernel weight and per spike kernel weight decreased while the LAI and LAD increased and positively correlated with the increase in plant density. The increased plant density also promuted the population photosynthetic intensity. As to yield Xianyu 335 had the highest average yield,next was Zhongdan 909 and the lowest was Zhengdan 958. The Zhengdan 958 and Xianyu 335 varieties presented linear while the Zhongdan 909 a parabolic relationship with plant density. The yield of Zhengdan 958 was highly correlated with LAI and LAD,and the amount of yield increase was greater than the other two varieties for same density increment and showed less spike traits reduction,so it has good density tolerance. The slopes of the linear correlation of Xianyu 335 and Zhongdan 909 with plant density were smaller than that of Zhengdan 958. The amount of yield increase was less for same density increment for Xianyu 335,thus it suits for lower plant density. While for Zhengdan 909,it had an optimum density of around 8.56 ×104plants/ha. So adopting a reasonable intensified planting density in accordance with variety traits can improve crop yield and dives full play to the characteristics of corn varieties.
Key words:
Planting density,
Summer Planting density,
Summer maize,
Yield,
Yield traits,
Characteristics of canopy photosynthesis,
Correlatiion
中图分类号:
曹彩云, 李伟, 党红凯, 郑春莲, 马俊永, 李科江, 王广才, 张胜古. 不同种植密度对夏玉米产量、产量性状及群体光合特性的影响研究[J]. 华北农学报, 2013, 28(S1): 161-166. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2013.S1.030.
CAO Cai-yun, LI Wei, DANG Hong-kai, ZHENG Chun-lian, MA Jun-yong, LI Ke-jiang, WANG Guang-cai, ZHANG Sheng-gu. Study on the Influences of Plant Densities on Yield，Yield Traits and Canopy Photosynthesis Characteristics of Summer Maize[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2013, 28(S1): 161-166. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2013.S1.030.