摘要： 为提高水氮高效利用,在2～3年定位水氮处理基础上于2008-2009年对玉米-小麦灌浆过程及产量形成进行了研究。结果表明,籽粒灌浆过程可较好的用Logistic函数描述。玉米粒重随施氮量增加呈抛物线变化,灌开花水高施氮量处理条件下粒重下降。小麦粒重随施氮量增加呈下降趋势,灌开花水显著提高粒重。灌浆持续时间和平均灌浆速率与粒重呈正相关,但灌浆持续时间和平均灌浆速率呈极显著负相关(R=-0.966 7)。玉米产量以1水条件下施氮480 kg/hM₂最高,小麦产量以3水条件下施氮480 kg/hM₂最高。

关键词: 定位水氮, 夏玉米, 冬小麦, 灌浆特性, 产量

Abstract: Field experiment was conducted during 2008-2009, the effects of water and nitrogen on the kernel filling process of summer maize and winter wheat were observed and analyzed, in order to provide the framework for reasonable irrigation and fertilization, based on a 2-3 years location study.The result indicated that the kernel filling process could be described with Logistic equations.Maize grain weight was showed a parabola type with nitrogen amount, the anthesis irrigation of summer maize decreased grain weight under high nitrogen amount.Winter wheat grain weight decreased as nitrogen amount increased, the anthesis irrigation of winter wheat improved grain weight remarkly.The mean grain fillling rate and the grain filling time were positive correlation for grain weight, but was negative correlation remarkly between the mean gran fillling rate and the grain filling time( R =-0.966 7).Summer maize had the highest yield when it irrigated one time and fertilized 480 kg/ha.Winter wheat had the highest yield when it irrigated three times and fertilized 480 kg/ha．

Key words: Water and nitrogen location study, Summer maize, Winter wheat, Grain filling characteristics, Yield

中图分类号: 

• S512.01

• S513.01