摘要： 为研究秸秆还田对冬小麦农田土壤无机氮和土壤脲酶的影响,2006-2007年小麦生长季在河南省滑县进行了田间小区定位试验。结果表明,冬小麦生长后期,10～30 cm土层,秸秆还田处理土壤硝态氮含量低于秸秆未还田的处理,秸秆还田有利于冬小麦对土壤硝态氮的吸收和利用。秸秆还田影响了土壤铵态氮的分布,提高了土壤铵态氮含量。冬小麦生长前期和成熟期,秸秆还田处理土壤脲酶活性较高,生产管理中应减少氮肥施用;进入抽穗期和灌浆期,秸秆还田处理土壤脲酶活性较低,应增加氮肥施用。

关键词: 秸秆还田, 冬小麦, 土壤硝态氮, 土壤铵态氮, 土壤脲酶

Abstract: To study the effects of straw mulching on inorganic nitrogen and soil urease in winter wheat field, fixed-plot field experiments were conducted in the growing season of 2006-2007 in Huaxian County,Henan Province.The results showed that content of soil NO₃^--N in 10-30 cm layer of the soil mulched with straw was lower than that in the unmulched soil in late growing period.Straw mulching was favorable to absorption and utilization of soil NO₃^--N of winter wheat.Straw mulching also affected distribution of soil NH₄⁺-N and increased soil NH₄⁺-N content.Since soil urease activity was high in the soil mulched with straw both in early growing period and at maturity of winter wheat, decreasing N appplication rate was reasonable in production practice.However, during the period from earing to grain filling soil urease activity was low and then increasing N application rate was reasonable．

Key words: Straw mulching, Winter wheat, Content of soil NO₃^--N, Content of soil NH₄⁺ -N, Soil urease activity

中图分类号: 

• S143.1