外施2,4-表油菜素内酯缓解冬小麦拔节期冻害胁迫效应

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192445

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨外源油菜素内酯对冻害胁迫条件下拔节期小麦生理特性、转录水平及生长的影响,选用半冬性小麦品种百农207为材料,采用0.1 mg/L的2,4-表油菜素内酯(EBR)浇施拔节期小麦,研究冻害胁迫下小麦叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、相对电导率、游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量、抗逆相关基因表达量、幼穗受冻率、籽粒产量、千粒质量及干物质质量的变化。结果表明,冻害胁迫前,对照组与处理组的SPAD值、MDA含量和相对电导率无显著差异,而Pro含量处理组显著低于对照组;在冻害胁迫后,与对照相比,外施EBR显著降低了小麦叶片的MDA含量和相对电导率,提高了SPAD值和Pro含量。冻害胁迫48 h,处理组小麦植株叶片抗逆相关基因SOD、POD、CAT、P5CS和WCS120的相对表达量均显著高于对照;冻害胁迫后,与对照组相比,处理组植株幼穗受冻率显著降低,比对照降低了20.93百分点,而籽粒产量、千粒质量和干物质质量显著增加,分别增加了19.38,2.37,54.40 g。综上,小麦拔节期外施EBR可以通过降低叶片MDA含量,提高Pro含量、叶绿素含量以及抗逆相关基因SOD、POD、CAT、P5CS和WCS120的表达量,从而提高小麦的抗冻性,减轻低温冻害对冬小麦造成的产量损失。

关键词: 冬小麦, 2,4-表油菜素内酯, 冻害胁迫, 拔节期

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of exogenous brassinolide on physiological characteristics,transcriptional level and growth of wheat at jointing stage under freezing stress,the semi-winter wheat variety Bainong 207 was used as material,and irrigated with 0.1 mg/L 2,4-Epibrassinolide(EBR)to study its chlorophyll content(SPAD value),malondialdehyde(MDA)content,relative conductivity,free proline(Pro)content,stress resistance related gene expression,young panicle freezing rate,grain yield,1 000 grains weight and dry matter quality.The results showed that before freezing stress,there was no significant difference in SPAD value,MDA content and relative conductivity between the control group and the treatment group,but the Pro content in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group;after freezing stress,compared with the control,external application of EBR significantly reduced the MDA content and relative conductivity of wheat leaves,and increased the SPAD value and Pro content.At 48 hours of freezing stress,the relative expression of stress resistance related genes SOD,POD,CAT,P5CS,and WCS120 in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control.After freezing stress,compared with the control,the freezing rate of young panicles in the treatment group decreased significantly by 20.93 percentage point,while the grains yield,1 000 grain weight and dry matter mass increased significantly by 19.38,2.37,54.40 g,respectively.In conclusion,external application of EBR at jointing stage of wheat can improve the frost resistance of wheat and reduce the yield loss of winter wheat caused by low temperature and freezing injury by reducing the content of MDA,increasing the content of Pro,chlorophyll and the expression of stress resistance related genes SOD,POD,CAT,P5CS,and WCS120.

Key words: Winter wheat, 2,4-Epbrassinolide, Freezing stress, Jointing stage

张奥深, 雍晓宇, 韩巧霞, 姚永伟, 师焕婷, 李鸽子, 康国章. 外施2,4-表油菜素内酯缓解冬小麦拔节期冻害胁迫效应[J]. 华北农学报, 2022, 37(2): 78-83. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192445.

ZHANG Aoshen, YONG Xiaoyu, HAN Qiaoxia, YAO Yongwei, SHI Huanting, LI Gezi, KANG Guozhang. Alleviating Effect of External Application of 2,4-Epbrassinolide on Freezing Stress in Winter Wheat at Jointing Stage[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(2): 78-83. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192445.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2022/V37/I2/78

图/表 7

表1 实时荧光定量PCR引物信息

Tab.1 qRT-PCR primer information

基因名称 Gene name	基因登录号 GenBank ID	正向引物(5'—3') Forward primer(5'—3')	反向引物(5'—3') Reverse primer(5'—3')	扩增长度/bp Amplification length
SOD	FJ890986.1	TGACGCTGATGATCTTGGCAAGG	TAGCCCTGGAGCCCGATGATTC	99
POD	AF387866.1	GCCACAGCCACAGCCAGATAAC	CCACGAGCACCACCAGAGAAATG	118
CAT	D86327.1	TGTCAACACCTACACCTTAATCA	TTCATCATCCAAGAGGCACTTCA	100
P5CS	AF022914.1	GCACAAGACACATTGAAAGTAC	CAATCGCTGACTGCACATCATCAA	103
WCS120	M93342.2	GGCGTCATGGAGAACATCAAGGAG	GTGTCCGTGCTGCTCATAGGTG	147
Actin	AB181991	CGAAGCGACATACAATTCCATCATG	AGAACCTCCACTGAGAACAACATT	87

图1 小麦拔节期外施EBR冻害胁迫后叶片的SPAD值
柱上不同小写字母均表示在5%水平差异显著。图2—5同。

Fig.1 SPAD value in wheat leaves under freezing stress after external application of EBR at jointing stage
The different lowercase letters on the columns indicate significant differences at the 5% level.The same as Fig.2—5.

图2 小麦拔节期外施EBR冻害胁迫后叶片的MDA含量

Fig.2 MDA content in wheat leaves under freezing stress after external application of EBR at jointing stage

图3 小麦拔节期外施EBR冻害胁迫后叶片的相对电导率

Fig.3 Relative conductivities in wheat leaves under freezing stress after external application of EBR at jointing stage

图4 小麦拔节期外施EBR冻害胁迫后叶片Pro含量

Fig.4 Proline contents in wheat leaves under freezing stress after external application of EBR at jointing stage

图5 小麦拔节期外施EBR冻害胁迫后叶片抗逆相关基因的相对表达量

Fig.5 Relative expression leaves of stress resistance related genes in wheat leaves under freezing stress after external application of EBR at jointing stage

表2 小麦拔节期外施EBR冻害胁迫后幼穗受冻率、籽粒产量、千粒质量和干物质质量

Tab.2 The damage rates of young ears,grain yields,1 000 grains weights and dry matter qualities in wheat under freezing stress after external application of EBR at jointing stage

处理 Treatment	幼穗受冻率/% Young spike freezing rate	籽粒产量/(g/盆) Grain yield	千粒质量/g 1 000 grains weight	干物质质量/(g/盆) Dry mater weight
CK	69.84±3.22a	32.59±1.03b	40.72±0.75b	96.11±2.96b
EBR	48.91±1.54b	51.97±0.58a	43.09±0.87a	150.51±1.67a

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