摘要： 玉米单倍体育种是快速选育纯合自交系的方法。研究利用单倍体诱导系,对来自BSSS杂种优势群的两个自交系BX08和BX19的杂交F₁进行诱导获得单倍体,又经加倍获得33个加倍纯合系(DH),分析单倍体加倍纯合系与两个亲本及F₁杂交种的果穗及籽粒性状表现。结果表明,单倍体加倍系的籽粒容积和质量比亲本籽粒都有所提高,子代的农艺性状获得显著改善,说明发生单倍体不是基因随机分离的结果,单倍体育种存在选择压力,有利于优良基因的累积,淘汰不良基因。

关键词: 玉米, 单倍体, 诱导系, 单倍体加倍(DH)系

Abstract: Maize doubled haploid breeding is a rapid method to generate pure elite inbred lines. Two sister inbredlines,BX08 and BX19,both belong to BSSS(Iowa Stiff Stock Synthetic) are usedfor the study.These two lines have pooragronomic traits,but compensating to each other. Crosses were made between those two lines. The F₁plants were crossedby pollen from haploid induction line carrying purple crown and purple plumule color. A total of 74 ears had at least 1-kenel (D1 seeds) seed set. Among those doubled haploid lines,33 cbubled haploid lines had D2 seeds. The Dl ear or D2seeds were materials and data of ear length,row number,kernel volume,kernel weight,kernel density (weight/ volume)were collected. Results indicated that haploid breeding was in favor of kernel volume and kernel weight improvement. Bothtraits of kernel volume and kernel weight are mainly controlled by additive gene effect. Far length and row number aremost likely controlled by cbminant gene effect. Results also indicated that haploid breeding could be very effective to elirtrmate unfavorable genes due to uncovering those deleterious genes at its haploid phase. Therefore,haploid breeding methodcan have its selective advantages against poor agronomic genetic traits for seed and plant growth and development.

Key words: Maize, Haploid, Inducing lines, Doubled haploid (DH) lines

中图分类号: 

• S513.03