摘要： 在褐土上采用盆栽试验研究了鸡粪、包衣尿素、尿素、硝铵4种肥料对蕹菜硝酸盐累积以及其他品质指标的影响.结果表明,在低量施氮下,鸡粪处理表现缺氮症状,长势不及等氮量的尿素处理;在中量施氮情况下,蕹菜长势为:鸡粪、包衣尿素＞硝铵＞尿素.在硝酸盐指标上,施用等量鸡粪可以明显降低其含量;在中量施氮情况下,植株的硝酸盐含量为:尿素＞硝铵、包衣尿素＞鸡粪;随着施氮量的增加,植株硝酸盐呈增加趋势,以尿素处理增加更为明显.鸡粪的施用量增加有利于提高蕹菜的Vc及可溶糖含量,但尿素处理没有表现出类似的结果;在中量氮素投入情况下,硝铵及包衣尿素处理的Vc含量相对较高.中、高量化学氮肥施用显著地促进了土壤无机氮的累积,其中又以尿素处理累积为甚,包衣尿素累积量较少.因此在生产中鸡粪或化学氮肥施用量的合理控制是蔬菜施肥中一项非常重要的工作.

关键词: 蕹菜, 硝酸盐, 品质, 鸡粪, 尿素, 包衣尿素, 硝铵

Abstract: Four fertilizers chicken manure, urea, resin-coating urea and ammonium nitrate w ere chosen to study the effect of each fert ilizer on w ater spinach grow th and quality. Chicken manure and urea w ere applied in 3 N levels, 0106 g/ kg, 0118 g/ kg and 0136 g/ kg, w hile other 2 fert ilizers w ere applied in 0118 g / kg only. T he results indicated that the biomass of water spinach t reated w ith 0106 g/ kg N of chicken manure w as low er than that w ith urea, while under 0118 g/ kg N, the biomass decreased in order of chicken manure, resin-coat ing urea> ammonia nit rate> urea. With the increase of N rate, plant nit rate content accumulated g reat ly, especially for urea treatment . With the same N rate, plant nit rate content decreased w ith urea> ammonium nit rate, resin coat ing urea> chicken manure, w hen that t reated w ith chicken manure was only 1/ 4 of that w ith urea. The result s also demonst rated that vitamin C and soluble sugar content of the w ater spinach increased w ith higher chicken manure t reatment , while urea t reatment did not show the similar trend. In vegetable production, fert ilizers should be chosen and applied carefully to maintain appropriate yield and high quality .

Key words: Water spinach, Nit rate, Quality, Chicken manure, U rea, Resin-coating urea, Ammon-i um nit rate

中图分类号: 

• S636.906+.2