摘要： 通过对基因型HS86-11去雄穗细胞胚胎学观察发现，该基因型具有兼性无融合生殖假配合特性，表现在：（1）有性生殖胚囊与无融合生殖胚囊同时存在，属于兼性无融合生殖类型。（2）在有性生殖胚囊中，可观察到完整的八核胚囊。（3）在无融合生殖胚囊中，卵细胞、助细胞行单性生殖，在未受精的情况下，自主发育成胚。可观察到细胞分裂及幼胚发育的不同时期。（4）在同一卵器中，助细胞与助细胞、助细胞与卵细胞之间，发育并不一致，有时发现助细胞发育超前于卵细胞。（5）极核细胞能自主融合成为一个次生大细胞，但未观察到融合后的细胞进一步分化。（6）在所有切片中，尚未发现胚乳细胞形成。（7）自主发育的卵细胞最大可发育到两核幼胚阶段，进而发现胚囊解体。估计与不能形成正常胚乳细胞，没有能量供应有关。

关键词: 小麦, 细胞胚胎学, 兼性无融合生殖, 单性生殖, 两核幼胚, 胚囊解体

Abstract: Cyto-embryological observation from emasculated flowers of genotype HS86-11 showed it behaved psedogamous facultative apomictic reproductive type. It's characteristics were as follows. (1) Both sexual and apomictic embryo sacs were co-existed which belonged to facultative apomixis. (2) In the sexual embryological sac, the intact8 nucleus were observed. (3)In the apomictic embryo sac, the egg cell and the synergies took the way of parthenogenesis and autonomously developed into young embryo, various phases have been observed during this process. (4) In the same apparatus the development among egg cell and synergies were not unanimous, and the phenomenon of synergies autonomously developed over egg cell has observed. (5) Polar nuclei could autofused to a big secondary cell, but further differentiation of the cell was not observed. (6)There was no endosperm nucleus formation from all the observed slides in this experiment. (7) The largest autonomously developed reproductive cell could reach the 2-celled young embryo stage, later the whole embryo sac broken down. It could be caused by both no normal endosperm formation and lack of energy.

Key words: Wheat, Cytoembryological, Facultative apomixis, Parthenogenesis, 2-celled young embryo, Embryo sac breakdown