Effect of Different Ammonium-Nitrate Ratios on Cadmium Uptake by Pakchoi and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cadmium Contaminated Soil

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20196104

Abstract

Abstract:

Application of nitrogen fertilizer can change the bioavailability of heavy metals in soil,thereby affecting heavy metal uptake by crops.To explore the effect of nitrogen fertilizer with different ammonium-nitrate ratios on cadmium(Cd)uptake by pakchoi and nitrogen use efficiency in Cd-contaminated soil,a pakchoi pot experiment was conducted to examine the changes in the height and biomass of pakchoi,soil inorganic nitrogen content,soil pH,soil available Cd content,pakchoi Cd content,total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content in pakchoi,and the nitrogen use efficiency after applying nitrogen fertilizers with different ammonium-nitrate ratios(10∶0, 8∶2, 6∶4, 5∶5, 4∶6, 2∶8, and 0∶10).The results showed that the application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly promoted pakchoi growth.The height and biomass of pakchoi in the treatments of the combined application of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen fertilizers were increased by 2.5%-32.8% and 45.0%-66.8%,respectively,as compared to the treatment of single application of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer.Nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased inorganic N contents in the soil,the combined application of ammonium-nitrate nitrogen reduced the ammonium nitrogen and alkaline nitrogen content by 6.6%-71.9% and 10.1%-27.1%,as compared to the treatment of single application of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer.However,there was no significant difference in nitrate nitrogen content among the nitrogen application treatments.When the proportion of ammonium nitrogen in nitrogen fertilizer was higher than that of nitrate nitrogen,soil pH was decreased by 0.03-0.18,and soil available Cd content and Cd content in pakchoi were increased by 3.0%-10.9% and 4.3%-33.2%,respectively,as compared to the CK treatment.When the proportion of nitrate nitrogen was higher than that of ammonium nitrogen,soil pH was increased by 0.11-0.62.The soil available Cd content and Cd content in pakchoi was decreased by 3.8%-13.1% and 7.9%-17.7%,respectively,as compared to the CK treatment.The higher the proportion of nitrate nitrogen,the lower the soil available Cd content and pakchoi Cd content.The total nitrogen content of pakchoi in the treatments with nitrogen fertilizer application was increased by 38.5%-78.6%,as compared to the CK treatment,the higher the proportion of nitrate nitrogen in nitrogen fertilizer,the higher the content of nitrate in pakchoi.Compared with the treatment of single application of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer,the combined application of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen significantly increased the physiological use efficiency,agronomic use efficiency,and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer by 61.5%-125.3%,182.1%-270.1%,and 45.0%-66.8%,respectively.In general,application of nitrogen fertilizer with different ammonium-nitrate ratios increased soil inorganic nitrogen content,promoted pakchoi growth and nitrogen uptake.Increasing the proportion of nitrate nitrogen in nitrogen fertilizers significantly improved nitrogen use efficiency.Application of nitrogen fertilizer with a dominant proportion of ammonium nitrogen increased the bioavailability of Cd in soil,and promoted uptake of Cd by pakchoi.Increasing the proportion of nitrate nitrogen in nitrogen fertilizer can effectively inhibit the uptake and enrichment of soil Cd by pakchoi.

Key words: Pakchoi, Cadmium contamination, Nitrogen fertilizer, Ammonium-nitrate ratio, Nitrogen use efficiency, Bioavailability

CLC Number:

ZHANG Junyue, LI Ping, LANG Man, HANG Zixuan, CHEN Baitong, NIE Hao. Effect of Different Ammonium-Nitrate Ratios on Cadmium Uptake by Pakchoi and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cadmium Contaminated Soil[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2026, 41(3): 158-168. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20196104.

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Figures/Tables 9

Tab.1 Experimental treatment design

处理 Treatment	铵硝比 N ${\mathrm{H}}_{4}^{+}$-NO₃-ratio	肥料及其施用量/(g/kg) Fertilizer and its application amount
CK	-	磷酸二氢钠(0.302)+硫酸钾(0.334)
T1	10∶0	硫酸铵(0.708)+磷酸二氢钠(0.302)+硫酸钾(0.334)
T2	8∶2	硫酸铵(0.566)+硝酸钙(0.253)+磷酸二氢钠(0.302)+硫酸钾(0.334)
T3	6∶4	硫酸铵(0.425)+硝酸钙(0.506)+磷酸二氢钠(0.302)+硫酸钾(0.334)
T4	5∶5	硫酸铵(0.354)+硝酸钙(0.633)+磷酸二氢钠(0.302)+硫酸钾(0.334)
T5	4∶6	硫酸铵(0.283)+硝酸钙(0.759)+磷酸二氢钠(0.302)+硫酸钾(0.334)
T6	2∶8	硫酸铵(0.142)+硝酸钙(1.012)+磷酸二氢钠(0.302)+硫酸钾(0.334)
T7	0∶10	硝酸钙(1.265)+磷酸二氢钠(0.302)+硫酸钾(0.334)

Fig.1 Height and biomass of pakchoi in different treatments Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different treatments(P<0.05).The same as Fig.2-3,5,7-8.

Fig.2 Contents of soil inorganic nitrogen in different treatments

Fig.3 Soil pH and soil available Cd content in different treatments

Fig.4 Linear regression analysis between soil pH and soil available Cd content

Fig.5 Cd content in pakchoi in different treatments

Fig.6 Linear regression analysis between Cd content in pakchoi and soil pH,soil available Cd content

Fig.7 Contents of total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in pakchoi in different treatments

Fig.8 Physiological use efficiency,agronomic use efficiency and partial productivity of nitrogen in different treatments

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