Synergistic Regulation of Optimizing the Basal-to-Topdressing Ratio and Reducing Nitrogen Application on Key Nitrogen Metabolism Enzyme Activities and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Flue-Cured Tobacco

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195894

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of optimizing basal-to-topdressing ratios combined with nitrogen application rates on nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen uptake/utilization in flue-cured tobacco,a field experiment was conducted using the cultivar Yueyan 97.Five treatments were designed:conventional basal-to-topdressing ratio (6∶4)+conventional nitrogen rate (CK),basal-to-topdressing ratio (4∶6)+conventional nitrogen rate (T1),basal-to-topdressing ratio (4∶6)+10% nitrogen reduction (T2),basal-to-topdressing ratio (4∶6)+20% nitrogen reduction (T3),and basal-to-topdressing ratio (4∶6)+30% nitrogen reduction (T4).It analyzed the impacts of these treatments on nitrogen metabolism,photosynthetic characteristics,dry matter accumulation,nitrogen uptake,nitrogen use efficiency,and nitrogen balance.The results showed that after optimizing the basal-to-topdressing ratio to 4∶6,the activities of key nitrogen metabolism enzymes,including glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH),aspartate transaminase (AST),and ferredoxin-glutamate synthase (Fd-GOGAT),were all higher than those under the traditional basal-to-topdressing ratio of 6∶4.When combined with nitrogen reduction treatments,the activities of nitrogen metabolism enzymes decreased.Specifically,T2 (10% nitrogen reduction) showed no significant difference from CK,while T3 and T4 (20%—30% nitrogen reduction) exhibited marked declines in enzyme activity.Optimizing the basal-to-topdressing ratio to 4∶6 also improved photosynthetic rate,SPAD values,dry matter accumulation,and nitrogen accumulation,with significant differences observed during the late growth stages.Furthermore,the optimizing 4∶6 ratio significantly enhanced nitrogen use efficiency.Compared to CK,nitrogen agronomic efficiency,partial factor productivity,recovery efficiency,and economic utilization efficiency increased by 20.68%,6.89%,4.06 percentage points,and 3.78 percentage points,respectively.Nitrogen reduction treatments reduced soil nitrogen surplus by 17.04—33.36 percentage points compared to CK.In conclusion,optimizing the basal-to-topdressing ratio from 6∶4 to 4∶6 in southern tobacco-growing regions enhances nitrogen metabolism during mid-to-late growth stages,improved photosynthetic performance,promotes dry matter and nitrogen accumulation,and increased nitrogen use efficiency.Coupled with 10% reduction in fertilizer can also reduce fertilizer input,mitigetes soil nitrogen surplus,and prevent environmental risks.

Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, Basal-to-topdressing ratio, Nitrogen reduction, Nitrogen metabolism, Nitrogen use efficiency, Nitrogen balance

CLC Number:

YANG Ziyue, ZHANG Songlin, CHEN Chen, XIE Hao, ZHANG Haixia, LIU Yanfeng, GUO Hongyan, LI Huaiyuan, HUANG Yuepeng, DENG Shiyuan. Synergistic Regulation of Optimizing the Basal-to-Topdressing Ratio and Reducing Nitrogen Application on Key Nitrogen Metabolism Enzyme Activities and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Flue-Cured Tobacco[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2026, 41(1): 122-133. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195894.

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References 57

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处理 Treatment	烟草专用复合肥/(kg/hm²) Tobacco specific compound fertilizer					补肥种类/(kg/hm²) Type of supplemental fertilizer
处理 Treatment	总量 Total dosage	基肥N Basal N	追肥N Topdressing N	P₂O₅	K₂O	Ca(H₂PO₄)₂	K₂SO₄
CK	750.00	58.50	39.00	60.00	112.50	—	—
T1	750.00	39.00	58.50	60.00	112.50	—	—
T2	675.00	35.10	52.65	54.00	101.25	50.00	22.50
T3	600.00	31.20	46.80	48.00	90.00	100.00	45.00
T4	525.00	27.30	40.95	42.00	78.75	150.00	67.50

处理 Treatment	烟草专用复合肥/(kg/hm²) Tobacco specific compound fertilizer					补肥种类/(kg/hm²) Type of supplemental fertilizer
处理 Treatment	总量 Total dosage	基肥N Basal N	追肥N Topdressing N	P₂O₅	K₂O	Ca(H₂PO₄)₂	K₂SO₄
CK	750.00	58.50	39.00	60.00	112.50	—	—
T1	750.00	39.00	58.50	60.00	112.50	—	—
T2	675.00	35.10	52.65	54.00	101.25	50.00	22.50
T3	600.00	31.20	46.80	48.00	90.00	100.00	45.00
T4	525.00	27.30	40.95	42.00	78.75	150.00	67.50

处理 Treatment	移栽后50 d 50 days after transplanting	移栽后70 d 70 days after transplanting	移栽后90 d 90 days after transplanting
CK	48.73±0.67a	54.20±3.13a	40.30±3.89b
T1	47.88±0.46a	54.83±1.52a	43.43±1.74a
T2	45.50±0.26b	45.63±1.15b	38.20±0.35c
T3	42.40±1.27c	44.63±2.37b	37.80±0.40c
T4	36.96±0.63d	41.73±1.97c	37.23±0.62c

处理 Treatment	移栽后50 d 50 days after transplanting	移栽后70 d 70 days after transplanting	移栽后90 d 90 days after transplanting
CK	48.73±0.67a	54.20±3.13a	40.30±3.89b
T1	47.88±0.46a	54.83±1.52a	43.43±1.74a
T2	45.50±0.26b	45.63±1.15b	38.20±0.35c
T3	42.40±1.27c	44.63±2.37b	37.80±0.40c
T4	36.96±0.63d	41.73±1.97c	37.23±0.62c

测定时间 Measurement time	处理 Treatment	净光合速率/ (μmol/(m²·s)) Net photosynthetic rate	蒸腾速率/ (mmol/(m²·s)) Transpiration rate	气孔导度/ (mmol/(m²·s)) Stomatal conductance	胞间CO₂浓度/ (μmol/mol) Intercellular CO₂ concentration
移栽后50 d	CK	7.84±0.64a	1.26±0.15a	114.33±10.73a	165.00±9.45a
50 days after transplantation	T1	6.54±0.08b	1.08±0.56b	117.00±13.87a	135.33±2.19b
	T2	5.82±0.37c	0.90±0.67c	89.67±7.84b	142.00±10.69b
	T3	3.87±0.30d	0.88±0.87c	89.67±7.22b	149.33±10.40b
	T4	3.25±0.39d	0.78±0.97d	75.00±4.36c	126.33±4.63c
移栽后70 d	CK	14.55±0.42b	1.94±0.81a	58.67±7.97a	439.67±5.78a
70 days after transplantation	T1	15.95±0.21a	1.78±0.97b	58.33±6.44a	422.67±6.57ab
	T2	13.23±0.13c	1.68±0.41c	56.00±4.36a	417.33±8.97b
	T3	11.69±0.54d	1.53±0.74d	53.00±3.00b	422.00±1.53ab
	T4	10.63±0.45e	1.44±0.45e	51.00±4.93b	418.00±3.21b
移栽后90 d	CK	10.87±0.09b	2.58±0.49a	181.00±4.73b	296.67±11.33a
90 days after transplantation	T1	14.20±0.44a	2.33±0.50b	276.00±5.69a	298.67±1.33a
	T2	8.54±0.40c	2.22±0.19b	136.33±14.75c	278.33±8.45b
	T3	7.47±0.23d	2.08±0.18c	93.33±1.20d	237.67±36.79c
	T4	6.20±0.17e	2.06±0.47c	83.00±6.24e	214.33±14.44d

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