The Physicochemical Property and Microbial Community Composition of Ditch Sediments in Paddy Field System

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195800

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation and microbial community characteristics in ditch sediments, this study assessed a typical rice-rape rotation system. Sediment samples were collected from the ditches (concrete ditches and non-concrete ditches) during the dry season to analyze physicochemical properties and bacterial communities, in comparison to field soils.The results showed that the concentrations of total nitrogen(245.40 mg/kg),available phosphorus(25.03 mg/kg),pH(7.22)and electrical conductivity(586.28 μS/cm)in the sediments of concrete ditches were significantly higher than those in non-concrete ditches and field.The bacterial community structure in the sediment of non-concrete ditches was highly similar to that in the paddy field soil,while the α-diversity of bacteria in the sediment of concrete ditches was significantly lower than that in non-concrete ditches and paddy field.The dominant bacterial groups defined at the phylum level were similar in the ditch sediments and the paddy field soil,but the relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Cyanobacteria and Firmicutes in the sediment of concrete ditches was significantly higher than that in non-concrete ditches and paddy field.At the genus level,the sediment of concrete ditches had a higher abundance of norank_f_steroidobacteraceae compared to non-concrete ditches and paddy field.The sediment of concrete ditches had a lower abundance of functional groups of chemoheterotrophy and nitrogen fixation,but with a higher abundance of human pathogens and animal parasites or symbionts.The bacterial community composition and structure were primarily influenced by pH and nitrate nitrogen.These findings indicated that the sediment of concrete ditches had higher nitrogen and phosphorus contents,significant differences in bacterial community structure and function with lower bacterial richness and evenness.The concrete ditch,potentially acting as a source of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants and posing certain health risks,should be given greater emphasis in the management of agricultural non-point source pollution.

Key words: Paddy field, Agricultural non-point source pollution, Ditch sediment, Nutrition load, Bacterial community

CLC Number:

S155.292

GE Yongying, ZHENG Ruilun, WANG Peixin, ZHANG Lixiang, WANG Qinghai. The Physicochemical Property and Microbial Community Composition of Ditch Sediments in Paddy Field System[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2025, 40(S1): 221-228. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195800.

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Figures/Tables 6

Tab.1 Basic physicochemical properties of paddy topsoil and ditch sediments

样地 Sample plot	pH	电导率/ (μS/cm) EC	有机碳/ (g/kg) OC	总氮/ (mg/kg) Total N	硝态氮/ (mg/kg) ${\mathrm{N}\mathrm{O}}_{3}^{-}$-N	铵态氮/ (mg/kg) ${\mathrm{N}\mathrm{H}}_{4}^{+}$-N	有效磷/ (mg/kg) Available P	速效钾/ (mg/kg) Available K
田Field	6.55±0.14b	257.72±42.12b	16.73±2.38b	124.60±19.36b	55.64±14.50a	14.01±4.48b	7.06±3.49b	371.16±78.07a
硬化沟Concrete ditch	7.22±0.14a	586.28±187.37a	31.30±6.57a	245.40±63.09a	0.87±0.33c	51.41±5.60a	25.03±5.26a	427.43±73.55a
非硬化沟Non-concrete ditch	6.59±0.12b	165.74±19.15b	11.72±2.28b	85.80±18.43b	29.79±13.57b	8.00±1.76c	2.48±2.68b	275.25±24.55b

Fig.1 Venn diagram of bacterial OTU(A)and PCoA of bacteria at OTU level(B)

Fig.2 Alpha diversity of bacteria

Fig.3 Composition of bacterial community at the phylum and genus levels Top 10 bacterial phyla based on the relative abundance:A.Proteobacteria;B.Chloroflexi;C.Actinobacteriota;D.Acidobacteriota;E.Firmicutes;F.Bacteroidota;G.Cyanobacteria;H.Desulfobacterota;I.Myxococcota;J.Verrucomicrobiota.Top 15 bacterial genera based on the relative abundance:A.Sphingomonas;B.Norank_f_Anaerolineaceae;C.Intrasporangium;D.norank_f_steroidobacteraceae;E.norank_f_norank_o_vicinamibacterales;F.norank_f_norank_o_norank_c_KD4-94;G.Norank_f_norank_o_SBR1031;H.Arthrobacter;I.norank_f_SC_I_84;J.norank_f_norank_o_RBG-13-54-9;K.Norank_f_sutterellaceae;L.Thiobacillus;M.norank_f_norank_o_Gaiellales;N.norank_f_norank_o_Subgroup-7;O.norank_f_vicinamibacteraceae.

Fig.4 Relationship between environmental factors and the microbial community at the OTU level based on Mantel(A)and RDA(B)

Fig.5 FAPROTAX functional annotation of the bacterial community

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