Identification and Analysis of Cold Resistant Advantageous Traits of Winter Rapeseed in Northern Arid and Cold Regions

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195781

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the disparities in overwintering rates and yields between Brassica napus L.and Brassica rapa L.in the cold and arid regions of the north,as well as to examine the correlation between diverse agronomic traits,yield,and cold resistance-enhancing traits,it utilized 45 B.napus L.and 22 B.rapa L.varieties as subjects.It conducted a statistical analysis of their overwintering rates,average yields and agronomic traits.It also studied seeding density experiments with B.napus L.and B.rapa L.varieties that exhibited similar yield levels,compared root traits between B.napus L.and B.rapa L..The results indicated that among the 67 varieties tested,the average overwintering rate of B.rapa L.(97.59%) was significantly higher than that of B.napus L.(65.87%).The average yield potential of B.napus L.was higher than that of B.rapa L..For B.rapa L.,which was capable of stable overwintering,increasing the seeding density significantly elevated the number of effective plants but did not augment the average yield.Conversely,for B.napus L.,its lower overwintering rate constrained the increase in the number of effective plants,thereby limiting the average yield.B.napus L.with a high overwintering rate exhibited agronomic traits such as higher branching positions and angular density,fewer secondary branches,total branches,and effective siliques per plant after overwintering.Comparison of root traits between B.napus L.and B.rapa L.showed that enlarged root systems,short hypocotyls,and growth points positioned below the ground surface were advantageous traits contributing to the robust cold resistance of B.rapa L..It proposes that breeding density-tolerance B.napus L.with root traits akin to those of B.rapa L.and with growth points situated below the ground surface represents a pivotal breeding direction for enhancing the overwintering rate of B.napus L.,fostering increased rapeseed yield,and ensuring oil supply stability.

Key words: Rapeseed, Correlation analysis, Overwintering rate, Agronomic traits, Yield

CLC Number:

S565.4

GUAN Mingwei, GUO Anqiang, LI Heping, ZHAI Lanju, LI Jiming, LI Aiguo. Identification and Analysis of Cold Resistant Advantageous Traits of Winter Rapeseed in Northern Arid and Cold Regions[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2025, 40(6): 100-109. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195781.

/ / Recommend / Download Citations

URL: http://www.hbnxb.net/EN/10.7668/hbnxb.20195781

http://www.hbnxb.net/EN/Y2025/V40/I6/100

Figures/Tables 11

References 37

[1]	Saeidnia S, Gohari A R. Importance of Brassica napus as a medicinal food plant[J]. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2012, 6(14):2700-2703.doi:10.5897/JMPR11.1103.
[2]	Chalhoub B, Denoeud F, Liu S Y, Parkin I A P, Tang H B, Wang X Y, et al. Early allopolyploid evolution in the post-neolithic Brassica napu soil seed genome[J]. Science, 2014, 345(6199):950-953.doi:10.1126/science.1253435. pmid: 25146293
[3]	Cheung F, Trick M, Drou N, Lim Y P, Park J Y, Kwon S J, Kim J A, Scott R, Pires J C, Paterson A H, Town C, Bancroft I. Comparative analysis between homoeologous genome segments of Brassica napus and its progenitor species reveals extensive sequence-level divergence[J]. The Plant Cell, 2009, 21(7):1912-1928.doi:10.1105/tpc.108.060376. URL
[4]	Rana D, van den Boogaart T, O'Neill C M, Hynes L, Bent E, MacPherson L, Park J Y, Lim Y P, Bancroft I. Conservation of the microstructure of genome segments in Brassica napus and its diploid relatives[J]. The Plant Journal, 2004, 40(5):725-733.doi:10.1111/j.1365-313x.2004.02244.x.
[5]	李再云. 芸苔属作物的渗入杂交与种质资源创新[J]. 植物遗传资源学报, 2020(1):20-25.doi:10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20191024002.
	Li Z Y. Introgressive hybridization and germplasm innovation in Brassica crops[J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2020(1):20-25.
[6]	张冉, 曹娟娟, 濮超, 李育, 金海刚. 中国油菜籽和菜籽油的生产,进出口及供需分析[J]. 中国油脂, 2022, 47(6):8-14,52.doi:10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.210729.
	Zhang R, Cao J J, Pu C, Li Y, Jin H G. Analysis on production,import,export,supply and demand of rapeseed and rapeseed oil in China[J]. China Oils and Fats, 2022, 47(6):8-14,52.
[7]	刘自刚, 魏家萍, 崔俊美, 武泽峰, 方彦, 董小云, 郑国强. 我国冬油菜北移的现状、问题与对策[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(15):2854-2862.doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.15.002.
	Liu Z G, Wei J P, Cui J M, Wu Z F, Fang Y, Dong X Y, Zheng G Q. Status,existing problems and strategy discussion on northward expansion of winter rapeseed in China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(15):2854-2862.
[8]	李积铭, 张耀文, 郭安强, 翟兰菊, 李和平, 李爱国. 油菜抗寒性和寒旱区油菜育种探析[J]. 华北农学报, 2023, 38(S1):131-144.doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194305.
	Li J M, Zhang Y W, Guo A Q, Zhai L J, Li H P, Li A G. Advances in research on cold resistance of rapeseed and analysis rapeseed breeding in cold and dry regions of China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(S1):131-144.
[9]	Rakow G. Rapeseed genetics and breeding research for sustainable oilseed production[C]. Wuhan: PROCEEDINGS The International Rapeseed Congress,2007:207-209.
[10]	刘海卿, 孙万仓, 刘自刚, 武军艳, 钱武, 王志江, 郭仁迪, 马骊, 侯献飞, 刘林波. 北方寒旱区白菜型冬油菜抗寒性与抗旱性评价及其关系[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(18):3743-3756.doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.18.018.
	Liu H Q, Sun W C, Liu Z G, Wu J Y, Qian W, Wang Z J, Guo R D, Ma L, Hou X F, Liu L B. Evaluation of drought resistance and cold resistance and research of their relationship at seedling stage of winter rapeseed(Brassica campestris L.) in cold and arid regions in North China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(18):3743-3756.
[11]	孔月琴. 人工合成甘蓝型油菜的创建及其表观遗传分析[D]. 扬州: 扬州大学, 2015:47-48.doi:10.7666/d.Y2909182.
	Kong Y Q. Creation of resynthesized Brassica napus and its epigenetic analysis[D]. Yangzhou: Yangzhou University,2015:47-48.
[12]	Mayer A. The food and agriculture organization of the united nations[J]. Revue Internationale de la Croix-Rouge, 1947, 29(342):487-499.
[13]	Karim M M, Siddika A, Tonu N N, Hossain D M, Meah M B, Kawanabe T, Fujimoto R, Okazaki K. Production of high yield short duration Brassica napus by interspecific hybridization between B.oleracea and B.rapa[J]. Breeding Science, 2014, 63(5):495-502.doi:10.1270/jsbbs.63.495. URL
[14]	Tsunoda S. Eco-physiology of wild and cultivated forms in Brassica and allied genera[M]. Tokyo: Japan Scientific Societies Press,1980:109-119.
[15]	Niu Z X, Liu L J, Yue J L, Wu J Y, Wang W T, Pu Y Y, Ma L, Fang Y, Sun W C. Genome-wide identification of GSTs gene family and functional analysis of BraGSTF2 of winter rapeseed (Brassica rapa L.) under cold stress[J]. Genes, 2023, 14(9):1689.doi:10.3390/genes14091689. URL
[16]	金姣姣, 刘自刚, 米文博, 徐明霞, 邹娅, 徐春梅, 赵彩霞. 利用RNA-Seq鉴定调控甘蓝型油菜叶片光合特性的低温胁迫应答基因[J]. 生物技术通报, 2022, 38(4):126-142.doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-1048.
	Jin J J, Liu Z G, Mi W B, Xu M X, Zou Y, Xu C M, Zhao C X. Identification of low temperature stress-responsive genes regulating photosynthetic characteristics in the leaves of Brassica napus by RNA-Seq[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(4):126-142.
[17]	刘自刚, 张长生, 孙万仓, 杨宁宁, 王月, 何丽, 赵彩霞, 武军艳, 方彦, 曾秀存. 不同生态区冬前低温下白菜型冬油菜不同抗寒品种(系)的比较[J]. 作物学报, 2014, 40(2):346-354.doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.00346.
	Liu Z G, Zhang C S, Sun W C, Yang N N, Wang Y, He L, Zhao C X, Wu J Y, Fang Y, Zeng X C. Comparison of winter rapeseed varieties(lines) with different cold resistance planted in the northern-extending regions in China under low temperature before winter[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2014, 40(2):346-354. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.00346 URL
[18]	陈玉民, 郭国双. 中国主要农作物需水量等值线图研究[M]. 北京: 中国农业科技出版社,1993:27-28.
	Chen Y M, Guo G S. Research on the contour map of water demand for major crops in China[M]. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press,1993:27-28.
[19]	殷艳, 廖星, 余波, 王汉中. 我国油菜生产区域布局演变和成因分析[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2010, 32(1):147-151.
	Yin Y, Liao X, Yu B, Wang H Z. Regional distribution evolvement and development tendency of Chinese rapeseed production[J]. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2010, 32(1):147-151.
[20]	田志宏, 刘碧波, 陈诗波, 李志新. 双低油菜主要经济性状与产量的相关分析[J]. 河南农业科学, 2003, 32(9):20-22.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-3268.2003.09.007.
	Tian Z H, Liu B B, Chen S B, Li Z X. Correlation analysis between major economic characters and yield in double low rapeseed[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2003, 32(9):20-22.
[21]	张锦芳, 周贤琼, 蒲晓斌, 李浩杰, 蒋梁材. 高产、双低杂交油菜产量构成因素与产量的相关分析[J]. 西南农业学报, 2008, 21(4):939-941.doi:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2008.04.019.
	Zhang J F, Zhou X Q, Pu X B, Li H J, Jiang L C. Correlation analysis between yield components and yield per plant of high yield rapeseed hybrid[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2008, 21(4):939-941.
[22]	Ana M J, Radovan M, Anto M, Zvonimir Z, Mirjana J. Correlation and path analysis of quantitative traits in winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)[J]. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 2008, 73(1):13-18.
[23]	王凌健, 倪迪安, 王光远, 夏镇澳, 许政. 青菜组织培养和转化系统的初步建立[J]. 实验生物学报, 1999, 32(1):93-99.
	Wang L J, Ni D A, Wang G Y, Xia Z A, Xu Z. Preliminary studies on tissue culture and Agrobacterium-medicated transformation of Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis[J]. Journal of Molecular Cell Biology, 1999, 32(1):93-99.
[24]	潘琪, 李再云. 中国原产十字花科植物诸葛菜的基因组及遗传研究[J]. 植物遗传资源学报, 2023, 24(2):340-348.doi:10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20220905001.
	Pan Q, Li Z Y. Genome and genetics of the Crucifer Orychophragmus violaceus native to China[J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2023, 24(2):340-348.
[25]	Bannerot H, Boulidard L, Chupeau Y. Unexpected difficulties met with the radish cytoplasm in Brassica oleracea[J]. Eucarpia Cruciferae Newsletter, 1977,2:16-24.
[26]	Long M H, Okubo H, Fujieda K. Backcross compatibility in hybrids between brassicoraphanus (Brassica oleracea×Raphanus sativus) and cruciferous crops,and clubroot resistance in their BC,plants[J]. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 1992, 37(1):41-50.doi:10.5109/23996.
[27]	Peterka H, Budahn H, Schrader O, Ahne R, Schütze W. Transfer of resistance against the beet cyst nematode from radish (Raphanus sativus) to rape (Brassica napus) by monosomic chromosome addition[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 109(1):30-41.doi:10.1007/s00122-004-1611-2. pmid: 14991110
[28]	彭云霄, 魏威. 土壤沙化的成因及危害分析[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2019, 25(10):98-99.doi:10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2019.10.044.
	Peng Y X, Wei W. The cause and hazard analysis of soil desertification[J]. Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2019, 25(10):98-99.
[29]	Skinner D Z, MacKey B. Freezing tolerance of winter wheat plants frozen in saturated soil[J]. Field Crops Research, 2009, 113(3):335-341.doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2009.06.014. URL
[30]	王礼先. 我国荒漠化土地成因及其防治对策[J]. 世界林业研究, 2000, 13(6):32-37.doi:10.13348/j.cnki.sjlyyj.2000.06.006.
	Wang L X. Some opinions on the project of desertification combating in China[J]. World Forestry Research, 2000, 13(6):32-37.
[31]	徐超, 杨晓光, 李勇, 王文峰. 气候变化背景下中国农业气候资源变化Ⅲ.西北干旱区农业气候资源时空变化特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2011, 22(3):763-772.doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.2011.0145.
	Xu C, Yang X G, Li Y, Wang W F. Changes of China agricultural climate resources under the background of climate change.Ⅲ.Spatiotemporal change characteristics of agricultural climate resources in Northwest Arid Area[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2011, 22(3):763-772.
[32]	李利霞, 陈碧云, 闫贵欣, 高桂珍, 许鲲, 谢婷, 张付贵, 伍晓明. 中国油菜种质资源研究利用策略与进展[J]. 植物遗传资源学报, 2020, 21(1):1-19.doi:10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20200109005.
	Li L X, Chen B Y, Yan G X, Gao G Z, Xu K, Xie T, Zhang F G, Wu X M. Proposed strategies and current progress of research and utilization of oilseed rape germplasm in China[J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2020, 21(1):1-19.
[33]	蒲媛媛, 赵玉红, 武军艳, 刘丽君, 白静, 马骊, 牛早霞, 金姣姣, 方彦, 李学才, 孙万仓. 北方强冬性甘蓝型冬油菜品种(系)抗寒性评价[J]. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(19):3291-3308.doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.19.002.
	Pu Y Y, Zhao Y H, Wu J Y, Liu L J, Bai J, Ma L, Niu Z X, Jin J J, Fang Y, Li X C, Sun W C. Comprehensive assessment on cold tolerance of the strong winter Brassica napus L.cultivated in Northern China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(19):3291-3308.
[34]	陈新军, 戚存扣, 张洁夫, 浦惠明, 高建芹, 傅寿仲. 不同栽培密度对苏优5号油菜农艺性状及产量的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2005, 33(3):39-40.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1302.2005.03.013.
	Chen X J, Qi C K, Zhang J F, Pu H M, Gao J Q, Fu S Z. Effects of different planting density on agronomic traits and yield of Suyou No.5 rapeseed[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2005, 33(3):39-40.
[35]	吴永成, 徐亚丽, 彭海浪, 李壮, 牛应泽. 播期及种植密度对直播油菜农艺性状和产量品质的影响[J]. 西南农业学报, 2015, 28(2):534-538.doi:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2015.02.016.
	Wu Y C, Xu Y L, Peng H L, Li Z, Niu Y Z. Effects of sowing date and plant density on agronomic traits,yield and quality of ddirect-sown oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.) in Sichuan Province[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2015, 28(2):534-538.
[36]	Ilyas M, Khan W A, Ali T, Ahmad N, Khan Z, Fazal H, Zaman N, Ualiyeva D, Ali M, Amissah O B, Rizwan M. Cold stress-induced seed germination and biosynthesis of polyphenolics content in medicinally important Brassica rapa[J]. Phytomedicine Plus, 2022, 2(1):100185.doi:10.1016/j.phyplu.2021.100185. URL
[37]	孙万仓, 武军艳, 曾军, 朱慧霞, 刘雅丽, 张亚宏. 8个白菜型冬油菜品种抗寒性的初步评价[J]. 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2007, 33(S1):151-155.doi:10.13331/j.cnki.jhau.2007.s1.043.
	Sun W C, Wu J Y, Zeng J, Zhu H X, Liu Y L, Zhang Y H. Preliminary evaluation of cold tolerance among eight winter Brassica rapa[J]. Journal of Hunan Agricultural University (Natural Sciences), 2007, 33(S1):151-155.

类别 Category	极值范围 Range	均值 Mean	变异系数 CV
2021年总体越冬率 Overwintering rate in 2021	22.43~99.69	60.91±3.12c	41.87
2021年甘蓝型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.napus L. in 2021	22.43~60.35	43.93±1.25d	19.05
2021年白菜型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.rapa L. in 2021	88.11~99.69	95.65±0.82a	4.02
2023年总体越冬率 Overwintering rate in 2023	46.70~100.00	89.09±1.31ab	27.05
2023年甘蓝型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.napus L. in 2023	46.70~100.00	83.99±1.42b	26.34
2023年白菜型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.rapa L. in 2023	97.77~100.00	99.52±0.16a	20.13

类别 Category	极值范围 Range	均值 Mean	变异系数 CV
2021年总体越冬率 Overwintering rate in 2021	22.43~99.69	60.91±3.12c	41.87
2021年甘蓝型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.napus L. in 2021	22.43~60.35	43.93±1.25d	19.05
2021年白菜型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.rapa L. in 2021	88.11~99.69	95.65±0.82a	4.02
2023年总体越冬率 Overwintering rate in 2023	46.70~100.00	89.09±1.31ab	27.05
2023年甘蓝型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.napus L. in 2023	46.70~100.00	83.99±1.42b	26.34
2023年白菜型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.rapa L. in 2023	97.77~100.00	99.52±0.16a	20.13

项目 Items	2021年白菜型油菜产量 Yield of B.rapa L. in 2021	2021年白菜型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.rapa L. in 2021	2023年白菜型油菜产量 Yield of B.rapa L. in 2023	2023年白菜型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.rapaL. in 2023
2021年白菜型油菜产量 Yield of B.rapa L. in 2021	1.000	-0.327	0.373	-0.468^*
2021年白菜型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.rapa L. in 2021		1.000	-0.137	0.503^*
2023年白菜型油菜产量 Yield of B.rapa L. in 2023			1.000	0.080
2023年白菜型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.rapa L. in 2023				1.000

项目 Items	2021年白菜型油菜产量 Yield of B.rapa L. in 2021	2021年白菜型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.rapa L. in 2021	2023年白菜型油菜产量 Yield of B.rapa L. in 2023	2023年白菜型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.rapaL. in 2023
2021年白菜型油菜产量 Yield of B.rapa L. in 2021	1.000	-0.327	0.373	-0.468^*
2021年白菜型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.rapa L. in 2021		1.000	-0.137	0.503^*
2023年白菜型油菜产量 Yield of B.rapa L. in 2023			1.000	0.080
2023年白菜型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.rapa L. in 2023				1.000

项目 Items	2021年甘蓝型油菜产量 Yield of B.napus L. in 2021	2021年甘蓝型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.napus L. in 2021	2023年甘蓝型油菜产量 Yield of B.napus L. in 2023	2023年甘蓝型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.napus L. in 2023
2021年甘蓝型油菜产量 Yield of B.napus L. in 2021	1.000	0.104	0.744^**	-0.033
2021年甘蓝型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.napus L. in 2021		1.000	0.088	0.561^**
2023年甘蓝型油菜产量 Yield of B.napus L. in 2023			1.000	0.028
2023年甘蓝型油菜越冬率 Overwintering rate of B.napus L. in 2023				1.000

Please choose a citation manager

Content to export