Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted from 2023 to 2024 to investigate the response of silage yield in different types of summer maize varieties to various planting patterns.Two varieties,Cangyu 338(CY338,a low-density tolerant variety)and Nongda 372(ND372,a density-tolerant variety),were selected as experimental materials.Four planting patterns were established,including conventional mode(CT),1∶1∶2 mode(1∶1∶2),double plant mode(DP),and 40+80 mode(40+80).Results showed that the dry weight(dry yield)of maize plants and whole ears increased gradually,while the fresh weight(fresh yield)declined during the maize growth period.Significant differences in dry and fresh weight,as well as yield,were observed among the different planting patterns.The dry and fresh weight showed as follows:CT>40+80>1∶1∶2>DP,however,higher plant yield was achieved under DP and 1∶1∶2 patterns.The highest whole ear yield was obtained under CT in 2023 and DP in 2024,followed by the 1∶1∶2 pattern.Additionally,there were significant annual variations in whole ear yield.Dry and fresh weight per plant and whole ear of CY338 were higher than those of ND372,whereas the yield exhibited the opposite trend.A similar changing trend was observed across different years.The response of dry and fresh weight per plant and whole ear to planting patterns indicated that CT resulted in the highest values,while DP yielded the lowest.Except for the dry and fresh weight per plant of ND372 in 2023 under other planting patterns,the 40+80 pattern generally produced higher dry and fresh weights compared to the 1∶1∶2 pattern.In contrast to dry and fresh weight,variety yield exhibited significant variations.The lowest yield for both plant and whole ear was observed under the 40+80 pattern.However,plant yield under the DP and 1∶1∶2 patterns exceeded that of other patterns.Notably,the DP pattern achieved the highest yield,except for ND372 in 2023,which experienced higher precipitation during the experiment.For CY338 in 2024,a year with less precipitation,the DP pattern yielded the highest whole ear production,followed by the 1∶1∶2 pattern,while other varieties showed the highest yield under the CT pattern.In conclusion,planting patterns significantly influence plant and ear characteristics.Corn varieties with high-density tolerance can achieve increased plant and whole ear silage yields.The DP pattern is particularly effective for enhancing plant silage yield(with the 1∶1∶2 pattern being suitable for density-tolerant varieties in rainy years),while the CT pattern is more effective for whole ear silage yield(with the DP pattern being advantageous for low-density-tolerant varieties in the years with less rainfall).

Key words: Summer maize, Planting pattern, Variety, Yield

CLC Number: 

• S513玉米(玉蜀黍)