Relationships Between Temperature Characteristics and Wheat Yield, and Quality under Delayed Sowing Conditions

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195883

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of delayed sowing on the growth,development,grain yield and quality of wheat,Yunong 907(YN907)and Yunong 922(YN922),two new high yield and high quality wheat varieties,were selected as experimental materials.Three sowing dates were established:October 22nd(S1,the conventional sowing date),October 31st(S2,delayed sowing by 9 days),and November 9th(S3,delayed sowing by 18 days).The study investigated the effects of delayed sowing on the phenological stages,grain yield and flour quality of wheat,and analyzed the relationship between temperature characteristics and wheat yield,and quality under delayed sowing conditions.The results indicated that compared with the conventional sowing date, the full growth period of YN907 and YN922 was shortened with the delay of sowing date in both years. The accumulated temperature before winter and the average daily temperature before heading decreased with the delay of sowing date, while the average daily temperature and effective accumulated temperature after heading increased. The effective accumulated temperature of the full growth period showed a downward trend. The effective accumulated temperature of the full growth period of YN907 and YN922 in S3 treatment was 243.95,222.10 ℃·d lower than that in S1 treatment in 2022—2023, and 136.30,189.40 ℃·d lower in 2023—2024, respectively. The yield and its components decreased with the delay of sowing, with a yield reduction of 6.45% to 17.26%. Compared with the conventional sowing date, the wet gluten content and protein content increased under the delayed sowing conditions.Under the background of climate warming and the scale-up of the agricultural operation,the sowing date of wheat can be adjusted to adapt to the temperature change.YN907 and YN922 had the highest yield on October 22nd.Delaying the sowing date to October 31st could maintain the higher yield level and increase the grain protein content.When the sowing date continues to be postponed,the grain protein content will be significantly increased but the yield will be significantly decreased.

Key words: Wheat, Delayed sowing, Temperature characteristic, Yield, Quality

CLC Number:

S512.1小麦

TIAN Peipei, LI Qingcheng, ZHAO Jiaxin, LI Shuangjing, LU Suhao, ZHANG Yanfei, ZHANG Haiyan, LI Qiaoyun, YIN Guihong, MA Geng, WANG Chenyang. Relationships Between Temperature Characteristics and Wheat Yield, and Quality under Delayed Sowing Conditions[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2025, 40(5): 87-95. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195883.

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References 48

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年份 Year	品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	播种期 (月-日) Sowing (Month-day)	出苗期 (月-日) Emergence (Month-day)	拔节期 (月-日) Jointing (Month-day)	抽穗期 (月-日) Booting (Month-day)	成熟期 (月-日) Maturity (Month-day)	全生育期/d Whole maturity period
2022-2023	YN907	S1	10-22	10-29	03-10	04-09	06-01	222
		S2	10-31	11-08	03-14	04-11	06-02	214
		S3	11-09	11-18	03-18	04-14	06-03	206
	YN922	S1	10-22	10-29	03-10	04-06	05-28	220
		S2	10-31	11-08	03-14	04-08	05-29	210
		S3	11-09	11-18	03-18	04-11	05-31	201
2023-2024	YN907	S1	10-22	11-02	03-16	04-15	05-28	220
		S2	10-31	11-09	03-18	04-18	05-31	212
		S3	11-09	11-18	03-20	04-20	06-01	204
	YN922	S1	10-22	11-02	03-16	04-14	05-28	220
		S2	10-31	11-09	03-18	04-15	05-29	210
		S3	11-09	11-18	03-20	04-17	05-30	202

年份 Year	品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	播种期 (月-日) Sowing (Month-day)	出苗期 (月-日) Emergence (Month-day)	拔节期 (月-日) Jointing (Month-day)	抽穗期 (月-日) Booting (Month-day)	成熟期 (月-日) Maturity (Month-day)	全生育期/d Whole maturity period
2022-2023	YN907	S1	10-22	10-29	03-10	04-09	06-01	222
		S2	10-31	11-08	03-14	04-11	06-02	214
		S3	11-09	11-18	03-18	04-14	06-03	206
	YN922	S1	10-22	10-29	03-10	04-06	05-28	220
		S2	10-31	11-08	03-14	04-08	05-29	210
		S3	11-09	11-18	03-18	04-11	05-31	201
2023-2024	YN907	S1	10-22	11-02	03-16	04-15	05-28	220
		S2	10-31	11-09	03-18	04-18	05-31	212
		S3	11-09	11-18	03-20	04-20	06-01	204
	YN922	S1	10-22	11-02	03-16	04-14	05-28	220
		S2	10-31	11-09	03-18	04-15	05-29	210
		S3	11-09	11-18	03-20	04-17	05-30	202

年份 Year	品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	冬前积温/ (℃·d) Pre-winter accumulated temperature	日均温度/℃ Daily mean temperature			有效积温/(℃·d) Effective accumulated temperature
年份 Year	品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	冬前积温/ (℃·d) Pre-winter accumulated temperature	抽穗前 Before heading	抽穗后 After heading	全生育期 Whole growth period	抽穗前 Before heading	抽穗后 After heading	全生育期 Whole growth period
2022—2023	YN907	S1	606.45	8.12	19.95	10.88	1 439.50	1 057.15	2 476.15
		S2	453.15	7.71	20.01	10.69	1 305.30	1 059.25	2 345.45
		S3	318.20	7.38	20.04	10.56	1 188.60	1 061.85	2 232.20
	YN922	S1	606.45	7.96	19.39	10.65	1 388.45	1 006.50	2 382.65
		S2	453.15	7.50	19.55	10.44	1 249.15	1 015.05	2 250.20
		S3	318.20	7.22	19.82	10.37	1 151.25	1 029.80	2 160.55
2023—2024	YN907	S1	581.60	7.83	22.18	10.55	1 474.35	922.70	2 378.35
		S2	433.55	7.36	22.55	10.45	1 344.25	983.65	2 305.95
		S3	312.55	7.01	22.94	10.38	1 241.80	1 000.25	2 242.05
	YN922	S1	581.60	7.62	21.96	10.55	1 416.90	978.45	2 378.35
		S2	433.55	7.15	22.16	10.29	1 287.65	987.30	2 256.15
		S3	312.55	6.88	22.48	10.22	1 205.30	1 002.35	2 188.95

年份 Year	品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	冬前积温/ (℃·d) Pre-winter accumulated temperature	日均温度/℃ Daily mean temperature			有效积温/(℃·d) Effective accumulated temperature
年份 Year	品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	冬前积温/ (℃·d) Pre-winter accumulated temperature	抽穗前 Before heading	抽穗后 After heading	全生育期 Whole growth period	抽穗前 Before heading	抽穗后 After heading	全生育期 Whole growth period
2022—2023	YN907	S1	606.45	8.12	19.95	10.88	1 439.50	1 057.15	2 476.15
		S2	453.15	7.71	20.01	10.69	1 305.30	1 059.25	2 345.45
		S3	318.20	7.38	20.04	10.56	1 188.60	1 061.85	2 232.20
	YN922	S1	606.45	7.96	19.39	10.65	1 388.45	1 006.50	2 382.65
		S2	453.15	7.50	19.55	10.44	1 249.15	1 015.05	2 250.20
		S3	318.20	7.22	19.82	10.37	1 151.25	1 029.80	2 160.55
2023—2024	YN907	S1	581.60	7.83	22.18	10.55	1 474.35	922.70	2 378.35
		S2	433.55	7.36	22.55	10.45	1 344.25	983.65	2 305.95
		S3	312.55	7.01	22.94	10.38	1 241.80	1 000.25	2 242.05
	YN922	S1	581.60	7.62	21.96	10.55	1 416.90	978.45	2 378.35
		S2	433.55	7.15	22.16	10.29	1 287.65	987.30	2 256.15
		S3	312.55	6.88	22.48	10.22	1 205.30	1 002.35	2 188.95

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