Effects of Full-width Uniform Seeding on Canopy Light Energy Utilization Characteristics and Dry Matter Transport of Winter Wheat in Saline-alkali Land

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195521

Abstract

Abstract:

This study explored the effects of full-width uniform seeding on the canopy light energy utilization characteristics,dry matter accumulation and transport of winter wheat in saline-alkali land,and clarified the physiological mechanism of high yield and high efficiency,to provide theoretical and practical basis for the promotion of full-width uniform seeding of winter wheat in the Yellow River Delta.In the growing season of winter wheat from 2022 to 2024,Jingyou 368 wheat variety was used as the material,and two seeding patterns of full-width uniform seeding and conventional drill seeding were set up.The differences of yield,dry matter accumulation,dry matter transport,canopy photosynthetically active radiation interception amount and radiation use efficiency under different seeding patterns were analyzed,and the correlation analysis was carried out.The results showed that the yield and spike number of wheat under full width uniform seeding were higher than those under conventional drilling seeding.The full-width uniform seeding achieved extremely significant increases of 18.35% and 46.97% from 2022 to 2023,and 18.71% and 47.21% from 2023 to 2024,respectively.Under the full-width uniform seeding,the wheat stem & tillers number was higher than that under the conventional drilling seeding.From 2022 to 2023,full-width uniform seeding significantly increased the tiller number by 58.83%.From 2023 to 2024,full-width uniform seeding extremely significantly increased the tiller number by 57.30%.The dry matter accumulation of wheat at anthesis stage,dry matter accumulation at maturity stage and dry matter translocation of vegetative organs before anthesis under full-width uniform seeding were higher than those under conventional drilling seeding.From 2022 to 2023,full-width uniform seeding achieved extremely significant increases of 75.78%,41.70% and 109.69%,respectively,and from 2023 to 2024,full-width uniform seeding achieved extremely significant increases of 71.23%,40.81% and 98.07%,respectively.The leaf area index,canopy photosynthetic active radiation interception and radiation use efficiency of wheat under full-width uniform seeding were higher than those of conventional drilling seeding.The full-width uniform seeding in 2022—2023 achieved extremely significant increases of 58.36%,4.11% and 47.17%,respectively,and the full-width uniform seeding in 2023—2024 achieved extremely significant increases of 59.78%,4.11% and 44.00%,respectively.In summary,the full-width uniform seeding of wheat in saline-alkali land improves the canopy light energy utilization performance and tiller productivity by shaping a reasonable population structure and improving the seedbed environment,which is conducive to the formation of plant photosynthetic products and the increase of spike number per unit area,and ultimately achieves high yield of wheat.Therefore,full width uniform seeding is a better seeding pattern for stable and high yield of winter wheat in saline-alkali land of the Yellow River Delta.

Key words: Wheat, Saline-alkali land, Full-width uniform seeding, Light energy utilization characteristics, Dry matter accumulation and transport

CLC Number:

S512.01

HAN Xiaowei, SONG Yuanrui, WANG Zhaobo, ZHANG Jie, LU Zhenyu, TIAN Xuehui, ZHOU Jiangming, LIU Kaikai, LI Shubing, LI Mingjun, LI Wei. Effects of Full-width Uniform Seeding on Canopy Light Energy Utilization Characteristics and Dry Matter Transport of Winter Wheat in Saline-alkali Land[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2025, 40(3): 79-88. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195521.

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References 48

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年份 Year	播种方式 Seeding pattern	产量/(kg/hm²) Grain yield	穗数/(万穗/hm²) Spike number	穗粒数 Grain number per spike	千粒质量/g 1000-kernel weight
2022—2023	全幅匀播	7 822.70±159.95Aa	718.52±13.35Aa	27.82±0.18Bb	34.35±0.09Bb
	常规条播	6 609.67±53.39Bb	488.89±7.35Bb	29.29±0.38Aa	40.40±0.15Aa
2023—2024	全幅匀播	7 697.32±75.73Aa	707.41±16.14Aa	27.56±0.34Bb	34.47±0.16Bb
	常规条播	6 483.88±75.09Bb	480.56±10.02Bb	28.90±0.18Aa	40.54±0.15Aa
显著性(P值)Significance(P-value)
播种方式Seeding pattern(P)		<0.001	<0.001	0.003	<0.001
年份Year(Y)		0.304	0.371	0.302	0.220
播种方式×年份 P×Y		0.412	0.895	0.840	0.998

年份 Year	播种方式 Seeding pattern	产量/(kg/hm²) Grain yield	穗数/(万穗/hm²) Spike number	穗粒数 Grain number per spike	千粒质量/g 1000-kernel weight
2022—2023	全幅匀播	7 822.70±159.95Aa	718.52±13.35Aa	27.82±0.18Bb	34.35±0.09Bb
	常规条播	6 609.67±53.39Bb	488.89±7.35Bb	29.29±0.38Aa	40.40±0.15Aa
2023—2024	全幅匀播	7 697.32±75.73Aa	707.41±16.14Aa	27.56±0.34Bb	34.47±0.16Bb
	常规条播	6 483.88±75.09Bb	480.56±10.02Bb	28.90±0.18Aa	40.54±0.15Aa
显著性(P值)Significance(P-value)
播种方式Seeding pattern(P)		<0.001	<0.001	0.003	<0.001
年份Year(Y)		0.304	0.371	0.302	0.220
播种方式×年份 P×Y		0.412	0.895	0.840	0.998

年份 Year	播种方式 Seeding pattern	花前营养器官干物质 Dry matter of vegetative organs before anthesis				花后干物质 Dry matter after anthesis
年份 Year	播种方式 Seeding pattern	积累量/ (kg/hm²) Accumulation	转运量/ (kg/hm²) Translocation	转运效率/% Translocation ratio	对籽粒贡献率/% Contribution ratio to grain	同化量/ (kg/hm²) Assimilation	对籽粒贡献率/% Contribution ratio to grain
2022—2023	全幅匀播	14 678.53±274.58Aa	4 821.48±31.88Aa	32.87±0.61Aa	70.21±1.61Aa	2 051.82±152.56Bb	29.79±1.61Bb
	常规条播	8 350.62±51.23Bb	2 299.38±15.20Bb	27.54±0.24Bb	39.96±0.55Bb	3 456.48±62.18Aa	60.04±0.55Aa
2023—2024	全幅匀播	14 079.64±169.99Aa	4 503.71±112.70Aa	31.98±0.56Aa	66.84±1.92Aa	2 236.67±141.45Bb	33.16±1.92Bb
	常规条播	8 222.84±95.44Bb	2 273.77±64.96Bb	27.65±0.69Bb	40.34±1.42Bb	3 364.82±104.18Aa	59.66±1.42Aa
显著性(P值)Significance(P-value)
播种方式Seeding pattern(P)		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
年份Year(Y)		0.060	0.036	0.551	0.396	0.741	0.396
播种方式×年份P×Y		0.184	0.061	0.446	0.294	0.345	0.294

年份 Year	播种方式 Seeding pattern	花前营养器官干物质 Dry matter of vegetative organs before anthesis				花后干物质 Dry matter after anthesis
年份 Year	播种方式 Seeding pattern	积累量/ (kg/hm²) Accumulation	转运量/ (kg/hm²) Translocation	转运效率/% Translocation ratio	对籽粒贡献率/% Contribution ratio to grain	同化量/ (kg/hm²) Assimilation	对籽粒贡献率/% Contribution ratio to grain
2022—2023	全幅匀播	14 678.53±274.58Aa	4 821.48±31.88Aa	32.87±0.61Aa	70.21±1.61Aa	2 051.82±152.56Bb	29.79±1.61Bb
	常规条播	8 350.62±51.23Bb	2 299.38±15.20Bb	27.54±0.24Bb	39.96±0.55Bb	3 456.48±62.18Aa	60.04±0.55Aa
2023—2024	全幅匀播	14 079.64±169.99Aa	4 503.71±112.70Aa	31.98±0.56Aa	66.84±1.92Aa	2 236.67±141.45Bb	33.16±1.92Bb
	常规条播	8 222.84±95.44Bb	2 273.77±64.96Bb	27.65±0.69Bb	40.34±1.42Bb	3 364.82±104.18Aa	59.66±1.42Aa
显著性(P值)Significance(P-value)
播种方式Seeding pattern(P)		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
年份Year(Y)		0.060	0.036	0.551	0.396	0.741	0.396
播种方式×年份P×Y		0.184	0.061	0.446	0.294	0.345	0.294

年份 Year	播种方式 Seeding pattern	截获率/% Interception rate	截获量/(MJ/m²) Interception amount	透射率/% Transmissivity	光能利用率/% Radiation use efficiency
2022—2023	全幅匀播	94.99±0.04Aa	8.62±0.00Aa	1.26±0.03Bb	0.78±0.02Aa
	常规条播	91.25±0.14Bb	8.28±0.01Bb	4.91±0.04Aa	0.53±0.00Bb
2023—2024	全幅匀播	95.18±0.07Aa	8.50±0.01Aa	1.07±0.07Bb	0.72±0.01Aa
	常规条播	91.42±0.20Bb	8.16±0.02Bb	4.35±0.07Aa	0.50±0.00Bb
显著性(P值)Significance(P-value)
播种方式Seeding pattern(P)		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
年份Year(Y)		0.174	<0.001	<0.001	0.004
播种方式×年份P×Y		0.955	0.851	0.016	0.359

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