Comparision on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Fuji Apple with Two Intermediate Rootstocks under High Spindle

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20191389

Abstract

Abstract: To understand the effects of SH1 and Y-1 dwarfing interstocks on the growth and leaf photosynthesis of Fuji apple saplings, and provide theoretical basis for the selection and utilization of dwarfing interstocks in production, the Fuji Nagafu 2 apple trees grafted on SH1 and Y-1 interstocks were used to study the effects of two kinds of interstocks on the growth, branch composition and leaf photosynthetic indexes of young Fuji trees. The results showed that the annual growth trend of Fuji on SH1 and Y-1 interstocks was basically the same, but the growth of spring and autumn shoots and the length of new shoots of Y-1 were significantly lower than that of SH1, and the ratio of short branches was significantly higher than that of SH1, and the fruit color index, hardness, soluble solids and solid acid ratio significantly increased. The diurnal and annual dynamic trends of net photosynthetic rate(Pn) of Fuji Nagafu 2 were different between SH1 and Y-1 interstocks. The Pn of leaf in SH1 in the early growth period was higher than in Y-1, but the Pn of leaf in Y-1 in the later growth period was significantly higher than in SH1, analysis of light response parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed that the light saturation point(LSP) of Y-1 in the early growth period was lower than SH1, the compensation point(LCP) was higher than SH1, non photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) was significantly higher than SH1, and the primary light energy conversion efficiency (Fv/Fm), photosynthetic electron transfer quantum efficiency (ΦPSⅡ) and apparent electron transfer rate (ETR) of Y-1 were significantly lower than that of SH1 in the early growth stage, and the LSP, PSⅡ, Etr, the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of Y-1 were significantly higher than those of SH1 at the later growth stage. Different intertstocks had great effects on the growth and leaf photosynthetic characteristics of grafted varieties. Some characteristics of Fuji Nagafu 2 grafted onto Y-1 were better than that of SH1, such as dwarfing, early flowering, easy shaping. In the early growth period, the leaf maturity of Fuji Nagafu 2 in Y-1 lags behind in SH1, so the photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves was low. In the late growth period, the photosynthetic pigment accumulation and Fv/Fm of leaves in Y-1 were higher or significantly higher than that of SH1, and it could effectively control the growth of autumn shoots, which was beneficial to the accumulation of nutrients and the formation of flower buds.

Key words: Apple, SH1, Y-1, Net photosynthetic rate, Chlorophyll fluorescence

CLC Number:

S661.1

WANG Qian, CAI Huacheng, WANG Shuting, ZHANG Xiaojun, GAO Jingdong, DU Xuemei, LI Chunyan, HAO Yanyan, YANG Tingzhen. Comparision on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Fuji Apple with Two Intermediate Rootstocks under High Spindle[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(1): 108-115. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191389.

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