Effects of Straw Returning and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Soil C and N Content and Yield of Rice

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.201751345

Abstract

Abstract: In view of the low organic matter and excessive nitrogen fertilizer input in paddy field of coastal saline-alkali soil, a field plot experiment was conducted to study the influences of straw returning and optimization nitrogen fertilizer on total nitrogen contents(TN), organic carbon contents(SOC), dissolvable organic carbon contents(DOC), ammonium nitrogen contents(NH₄⁺-N), nitrate nitrogen contents(NO₃^--N), microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents(MBC and MBN)of soil and the growth characteristics of rice. The experiment was designed with two factors:3 straw returning levels(C0:no straw returning, C1:straw returning 4 500 kg/ha, C2:straw returning 9 000 kg/ha)and 2 nitrogen fertilizer levels(Optimized nitrogen application:N1:255 kg/ha and Farmer's traditional nitrogen application:N2:400 kg/ha).The results showed that, compared with C0 and C1 treatments, the organic carbon content of soil increased by 100.46% and 28.06%, respectively, in C2 treatment. At tillering stage, the TN content of soil in C2N2 treatment was the highest, and at harvest stage, the TN content of soil in C1N1 treatment was the highest. The straw returning plus nitrogen fertilizer application significantly increased the DOC content of soil. The NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^--N contents of soil were the highest in C1N1 treatment at tillering and harvest stages. Compared with no straw returning, the soil MBC and MBN contents increased significantly at tillering and harvest stages, and the highest came from the C1N1 and C1N2 treatments. The combination of 4 500 kg/ha straw returning with 255 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer could effectively increase the secondary branches, 1000-grain weight, seed setting rate and yield of rice, which was higher than other treatments. Compared with farmer's traditional fertilization(C0N2), straw returning plus optimized nitrogen application(C1N1)increased the rice yield by 19.02%, and significantly improved the soil C and N content of paddy field in coastal saline soil.

Key words: Rice, Saline soil, Straw returning, Nitrogen fertilizer, SMBC, SMBN

CLC Number:

S143.1
S18

WU Lipeng, ZHANG Shirong, LOU Jinhua, WEI Lixing, SUN Zeqiang, LIU Shenglin, DING Xiaodong. Effects of Straw Returning and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Soil C and N Content and Yield of Rice[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2019, 34(4): 158-166. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.201751345.

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